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통계적 학습 능력이 한국어 학습자의 인접․비인접 통사구조 처리․학습에 미치는 영향

The role of statistical learning ability in the processing and learning of adjacent and nonadjacent syntactic dependencies in learners of Korean as a second language

이은하
국제한국언어문화학회 (International Network For Korean Language And Culture (Ink))|2020.04|한국언어문화학 (Journal of the International Network for Korean Language and Culture)|제17권 제1호|pp. 233-282

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참고문헌

키워드

암시적 학습통계적 학습 능력이해 기반 구조적 점화인접 통사구조비인접 통사구조

초록

본 연구에서는 이해 기반 구조적 점화 패러다임을 사용하여 성인 한국어 학습자가 인접 통사구조인 수여구문과 비인접 통사구조인 관형절 문장에 노출된 뒤 후속문장에 대한 처리에 어떤 양상을 나타내는지 살펴보고, 이들의 통계적 학습 능력이 L2 통사구조의 암시적 학습과 처리 효율성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 규명했다. 아울러 인접구조와 비인접구조에 대한 한국어 학습자의 통계적 학습 능력이 인접 L2 통사구조와 비인접 L2 통사구조의 처리․학습에 차별적으로 영향을 미치는지 여부 또한 고찰했다. 한국어 학습자 39명을 대상으로 이해 기반 구조적 점화 실험을 실시한 결과, 어휘 의존적 점화와 어휘 독립적 점화 모두 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 인접구조에 대한 통계적 학습 능력은 인접 L2 통사구조 표적문장 이해 정확도를 예측해주었으며, 비인접구조에 대한 통계적 학습 능력은 인접․비인접 L2 통사구조 표적문장에 대한 처리 효율성과 이해 정확도를 예측해주었다. 이는 성인 L2 학습자의 인접․비인접 구조에 대한 통계적 학습 능력이 각각 그에 상응하는 인접․비인접 L2 통사구조의 처리 효율성을 촉진하는 데 기여함을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study investigates whether priming during comprehension occurs in learners of Korean as a second language (L2) when prime and target sentences share the same adjacent or nonadjacent L2 syntactic dependencies as well as how statistical learning ability is related to the processing and learning of L2 syntactic structures. Participants performed statistical learning tasks involving adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies along, and read sentences containing Korean dative alternations (an adjacent L2 dependency) and adnominal clauses (a nonadjacent L2 dependency) in a self-paced reading task. The results revealed that prime sentences did not enhance the speed of reading times for the regions of interest in target sentences containing adjacent and nonadjacent L2 syntactic structures. However, individual differences in learning nonadjacent dependencies statistically predicted processing efficiency for both types of L2 sentences, whereas those in learning adjacent dependencies only predicted processing efficiency for the relevant type of L2 sentences. These findings suggest an overlap between both types of statistical learning ability and the relevant types of L2 sentence processing.

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