자폐성장애 학생의 학교(급) 장애정도 지적장애 유무 및 성별에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 특성 분석
Analyses of the Internalized Problems and Externalized Problems in Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder According to Grade Severity Level Presence of Intellectual Disability and Gender
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본 연구의 목적은 자폐성장애 학생의 학교(급), 장애정도, 지적장애 유무, 성별에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 특성을 분석하는 것이었다. 연구대상은 전국 17개 시도교육청 소속 39개 특수학교에 재학 중인 자폐성장애 학생 671명을 편의군집표집 하였다. 연구도구는 ‘불안, 우울 및 기분 검사(the Anxiety, Depression and Mood Scale)’와 ‘문제행동 목록(the Behavior Problems Inventory-01)’을 사용하였다. 자료 수집을 위하여 자폐성장애 학생을 직접 교육한 경험이 있는 특수교사가 특정 자폐성장애 학생 한명에 대해 설문지에 응답하였으며, 설문지는 우편과 이메일을 통해 발송하고 회수하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 26.0을 이용하여 신뢰도, 평균, 표준편차, 일원분산분석, 두 독립표본 t 검증을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자폐성장애 학생의 학교(급)별에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 차이가 있었으며, 자폐성장애 초등학생의 정서행동문제가 다른 학교(급)에 비해 가장 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자폐성장애 학생의 장애정도에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 자폐성장애 학생의 지적장애 유무에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 차이가 있었으며, 지적장애를 수반하는 자폐성장애 학생의 정서행동문제가 지적장애를 수반하지 않은 자폐성장애 학생보다 더 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 자폐성장애 학생의 성별에 따른 내면화문제와 외현화문제의 차이가 없었다. 본 연구는 개인변인에 따른 자폐성장애 학생의 정서행동 특성을 분석하였다는데 의의가 있으며 연구의 제한점과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the internalized problems and externalized problems in students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to grade, severity level, presence of intellectual disability, and gender. The subjects sampled from 39 special schools in 17 school districts across the country were 671 students with ASD. One-way ANOVA, Schéffe tests, and two independent sample t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results of the study were as follows: First, there was a statistically significant difference of internalized problems and externalized problems according to the grade of students with ASD. Second, there was not a statistically significant difference of internalized problems and externalized problems according to the severity level of students with ASD. Third, there was a statistically significant difference of internalized problems and externalized problems according to presence of intellectual disability in students with ASD. Fourth, there was not a statistically significant difference of internalized problems and externalized problems according to the gender of students with ASD. Educational implications and suggestions for the further studies were discussed.
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