일반 초등학교에 통합된 자폐범주성장애 학생의 또래괴롭힘 경험과 위험요인 분석
Analysis of School Bullying Experience and Risk Factors in ASD Students
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 일반 초등학교에 통합된 ASD(Autism Spectrum Disorder) 학생들을 대상으로 또래괴롭힘 경험률과 ASD의 하위 증상(‘사회적 상호작용 및 의사소통에서의 손상’, ‘제한적이고 반복적인 패턴의 행동, 활동, 관심’), 외현화 및 내재화 문제, 그리고 누적적 위험요인의 피해경험과 가해행동에 대한 예측력을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 캘리포니아 대학 김영신 교수가 05-10년에 수집한, 일반 초등학교 1-6학년, IQ 70 이상, ASD로 진단받은 총 132명의 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과, ASD 학생 보고에 의하면 가해-피해율(43.9%)이 가장 높았고, 그 다음은 피해율(24.2%), 가해율(8.3%) 순이었다. 부모 보고에서도 가해-피해율(56.8%)이 가장 높았으나, 가해율(23.5%)은 피해율(12.9%)보다 높았다. 회귀분석 결과, 우울 증상은 ASD 학생이 보고한 피해경험을 정적으로, 신체화 증상은 부적으로 예측하였다. 한편, 부모 보고에 의하면, ‘제한적이고 반복적인 패턴의 행동, 활동, 관심’은 피해경험을 부적으로, 공격성은 가해행동을 정적으로 예측하였다. 또한, 누적적 위험요인은 피해경험과 가해행동을 선형적으로 예측하였다. 본 연구를 토대로 이론적 함의와 개입 시사점을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study was conducted on ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) students in regular elementary schools to examine the prevalence of bullying and the exffects of the sub-symptoms of ASD ('deficits in social interaction and communication', 'restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, activities, or interests'), externalizing and internalizing problems, and cumulative risk factor on victimization and perpetration. For this purpose, a total of 132 data collected from 2005 to 2010 by professor Kim Young-shin of the University of California, 1st to 6th grade elementary school students, IQ 70 or higher, and diagnosed with ASD were analyzed. As a result, according to ASD student reports, the victimization-victimization rate (43.9%) was the highest, followed by the victimization rate (24.2%) and the victimization rate (8.3%). The victimization-victimization rate (56.8%) was the highest in parental reports too, but the victimization rate (23.5%) was higher than the victimization rate (12.9%). In regression analysis, depressive symptoms positively predicted victimization reported by ASD students, and somatization symptoms negatively predicted this. Meanwhile, as parent reports, ‘restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, activities, or interests’ negatively predicted victimization, and aggression positively predicted perpetration. Additionally, cumulative risk factor linearly predicted victimization and perpetration. Based on this study, theoretical implications and intervention implications were proposed.
참고문헌 (86)
- 김성경, "누적적 위험요인과 학교청소년 비행의 관련성 연구", 한국아동복지학, (22), pp.9~30 (2006), 한국아동복지학회
- 김지원, "초기언어발달단계 자폐스펙트럼장애 유아의 의도적 의사소통 행동 특성", 유아특수교육연구, 15(3), pp.51~67 (2015), 한국유아특수교육학회
- 박인환, "근거이론에 기반한 자폐범주성장애 학생의 또래괴롭힘 경험과 피해 대처과정 분석", 정서·행동장애연구, 37(1), pp.1~27 (2021), 한국정서행동장애학회[DOI]
- 송영범, "통합학급 장애학생의 학교폭력 경험에 관한 연구", 통합교육연구, 8(2), pp.1~21 (2013), 한국통합교육학회[DOI]
- 신혜섭, "중학생의 학교폭력 유형에 영향을 미치는 변인", 청소년학연구, 12(4), pp.123~149 (2005), 한국청소년학회
- 심희옥, "아동의 또래 괴롭힘 가해 및 피해경험과 교사보고에 따른 문제행동과 유능성:학년과 성별 비교", 아동학회지, 24(2), pp.79~92 (2003), 한국아동학회
- 오원석, "통합학급 장애학생에 대한 비장애학생의 괴롭힘 특성에 관한 연구", 특수아동교육연구, 12(4), pp.167~189 (2010), 한국특수아동학회[DOI]
- 이고운, "통합교육 현장에서 고기능의 자폐스펙트럼장애 학생의 학교폭력 경험과 대처", 대한통합의학회지, 4(3), pp.69~79 (2016), 대한통합의학회
- 이유나, "학교 폭력 피해 및 가해의 중첩성에 관한 연구", 사회과학연구, 22(2), pp.75~98 (2015), 사회과학연구원
- 장안식, "학교 폭력 피해 경험에 따른 발달적 변화", 한국범죄학, 7(1), pp.61~82 (2013), 대한범죄학회
- 청소년폭력예방재단, "2016년 전국 학교폭력실태조사 연구" (2016), 푸른나무 청예단
- 한세영, "가해집단과 가해피해집단의 공격성에 관련된 자존감, 수치심 및 부모와의 의사소통", 인간발달연구, 17(1), pp.125~143 (2010), 한국인간발달학회
- Achenbach, T. M., "Manual for youth self-report and 1991 profile", Burlington, 101, pp.213~232 (1991)
- Adams, R. E., "Using self-and parent-reports to test the association between peer victimization and internalizing symptoms in verbally fluent adolescents with ASD", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(4), pp.861~872 (2014)
- Aiken, L. S., "Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions" (1991), Sage Publications
- American Psychiatric Association, "Text Revision (DSM-Ⅳ-TR)" (2000), American Psychiatric Publishing Inc
- Andreou, E., "Bully", Victim Problems and their Association with Coping Behaviour in Conflictual Peer Interactions Among School-age Children, 2001, pp.21(1), 59~66
- Appleyard, K., "When more is not better : The role of cumulative risk in child behavior outcomes", Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(3), pp.235~245 (2005)
- Attwood, T., "Learning and behavior problems in Asperger syndrome", pp.126~147 (2003), Guilford Press
- Bauminger, N., "Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD", Autism Research, 3(3), pp.101~112 (2010)
- Bear, G. G., "Differences in bullying victimization between students with and without disabilities", School Psychology Review, 44(1), pp.98~116 (2015)
- Bitsika, V., "Understanding, experiences, and reactions to bullying experiences in boys with an autism spectrum disorder", Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 26(6), pp.747~761 (2014)
- Biebl, S. J., "Longitudinal associations among peer victimization and physical and mental health problems", Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 36(8), pp.868~877 (2011)
- Blake, J J., "National prevalence rates of bully victimization among students with disabilities in the United States", School Psychology Quarterly, 27(4), pp.210~222 (2012)
- Busch, V., "Bidirectional longitudinal associations of perpetration and victimization of peer bullying with psychosocial problems in adolescents : A cross-lagged panel study", School Psychology International, 36(5), pp.532~549 (2015)
- Campbell, J M., "Combined descriptive and explanatory information improves peers’perceptions of autism", Research in Developmental Disabilities, 25(4), pp.321~339 (2004)
- Cappadocia, M. C., "Bullying experiences among children and youth with autism spectrum disorders", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(2), pp.266~277 (2012)
- Card, N. A., "Proactive and reactive aggression in childhood and adolescence : A meta-analysis of differential relations with psychosocial adjustment", International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30(5), pp.466~480 (2006)
- Chen, P. Y., "Bullying and victimization experiences of students with autism spectrum disorders in elementary schools", Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 27(4), pp.200~212 (2012)
- Cook, C. R., "Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence : A meta-analytic investigation", School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), pp.65~83 (2010)
- Crick, N. R., "Social information-processing mechanisms in reactive and proactive aggression", Child Development, 67(3), pp.993~1002 (1996)
- Dodge, K. A., "A biopsychosocial model of the development of chronic conduct problems in adolescence", Developmental Psychology, 39(2), pp.349~371 (2003)
- Ehlers, S., "A screening questionnaire for Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in school age children", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(2), pp.129~141 (1999)
- Fink, E., "Bullying-related behaviour in adolescents with autism : Links with autism severity and emotional and behavioural problems", Autism, 22(6), pp.684~692 (2017)
- Flouri, E., "Adverse life events and psychopathology an prosocial behavior in late adolescence : Testing the timing, specificity, accumulation, gradient, and moderation of contextual risk", Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(12), pp.1651~1659 (2007)
- Gerard, J M., "Cumulative environmental risk and youth problem behavior", Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(3), pp.702~720 (2004)
- Gini, G., "Association between bullying and psychosomatic problems : A meta-analysis", Pediatrics, 123(3), pp.1059~1065 (2009)
- Griffin, R. S., "Childhood bullying : Current empirical findings and future directions for research", Aggressive and Violent Behavior, 9, pp.379~400 (2004)
- Hanish, L. D., "Aggressive victims, passive victims, and bullies: Developmental continuity or developmental change?", Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(1), pp.17~38 (2004)
- Hebron, J., "Exposure to bullying among students with autism spectrum conditions : A multi-informant analysis of risk and protective factors", Autism, 18(6), pp.618~630 (2014)
- Hebron, J., "Cumulative risk effects in the bullying of children and young people with autism spectrum conditions", Autism, 21(3), pp.291~300 (2017)
- Hong, J S., "A review of research on bullying and peer victimization in school : An ecological system analysis", Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(4), pp.311~322 (2012)
- Hwang, S. J., "Autismspectrum disorder and school bullying : Who is the victim? who is the perpetrator", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(1), pp.225~238 (2018)
- Jennings, W. G., "On the overlap between victimization and offending : A review of the literature", Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), pp.16~26 (2012)
- Juvonen, J., "Bullying among young adolescents : The strong, the weak, and the troubled", Pediatrics, 112(6), pp.1231~1237 (2003)
- Kim, Y. S., "The Prevalence of ASD in Korean School-Aged Children", Ilsan, South Korea, Autism Speaks, ~ (2005)
- Kim, Y. S., "Prevalence of autismspectrum disorders in a total population sample", American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(9), pp.904~912 (2011)
- Landis, J R., "The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data", Biometrics, 33(1), pp.159~174 (1977)
- Le Couteur, A., "Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in pre-school children using two standardised assessment instruments : the ADI-R and the ADOS", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(2), pp.362~372 (2008)
- Little, L., "Middls-class mothers’perceptions of peer and sibling victimization among children with asperger’s syndrome and nonverbal learning disorders", Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 25(1), pp.43~57 (2002)
- Lord, C., "Autism diagnostic observation schedule manual" (2001), Western Psychological Services
- Lord, C., "ADOS 자폐증 진단 관찰 스케쥴" (2017), 학지사
- Mutluer, T., "Population-based psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with autism spectrumdisorder : a meta-analysis", Frontiers in Psychiatry, 23(13), pp.856208~ (2022)
- Nowell, K. P., "A multi-rater study on being teased among children", adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and their typically developing siblings : associations with ASD symptoms, 2014, pp.29(4), 195~205
- Olweus, D., "Bullying at school : basic facts and effects of a school based intervention program", Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35(7), pp.1171~1190 (1994)
- Victim Questionnaire, "The Revised Olweus Bully", pp.1996, Olweus, D.
- 박인환, "Prevalence of and Factors Associated with School Bullying in Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis", Yonsei Medical Journal, 61(11), pp.909~922 (2020), 연세대학교의과대학[DOI]
- Rauer, A. J., "Relationship risks in context : A cumulative risk approach to understanding relationship satisfaction", Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(5), pp.1122~1135 (2008)
- Reiter, S., "Israeli elementary school students' and teachers' attitudes towards mainstreaming children with disabilities", Special Services in the Schools, 13(1-2), pp.33~46 (1998)
- Reynolds, C. R., "Behavior assessment system for children" (2004), AGS
- Rieffe, C., "Don't anger me! Bullying, victimization, and emotion dysregulation in young adolescents with ASD", European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(3), pp.351~370 (2012)
- Roid, G. H., "Leiter international performance scale–Revised" (1997), Stoelting
- Rose, C. A., "Bullying and victimisation rates among students in general and special education : A comparative analysis", Educational Psychology, 29(7), pp.761~776 (2009)
- Rutter, M., "Autism diagnostic interview-revised" (2003), Western Psychological Services
- Scheithauer, H., "Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students : Age trends, gender differences, and correlates", Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), pp.261~275 (2006)
- Shumway, S., "Communicative acts of children with autism spectrum disorders in the second year of life", Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 52(5), pp.1139~1156 (2009)
- Sofronoff, K., "Social vulnerability and bullying in children with Asperger syndrome", Autism, 15(3), pp.355~372 (2011)
- 송정은, "Cross-Cultural Aspect of Behavior Assessment System for Children-2, Parent Rating Scale-Child: Standardization in Korean Children", Yonsei Medical Journal, 58(2), pp.439~448 (2017), 연세대학교의과대학[DOI]
- Sterzing, P. R., "Bullying involvement and autismspectrum disorders : prevalence and correlates of bullying involvement among adolescents with an autismspectrum disorder", Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166(11), pp.1058~1064 (2012)
- Storch, E. A., "Peer victimization in youth with autism spectrum disorders and co-occurring anxiety : relations with psychopathology and loneliness", Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 24, pp.575~590 (2012)
- Ung, D., "The relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with autism spectrum disorder", Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32, pp.70~79 (2016)
- Unnever, J. D., "Bullies, aggressive victims, and victims: Are they distinct groups?", Aggressive Behavior, 31(2), pp.153~171 (2005)
- Van Nieuwenhuijzen, M., "The development of a diagnostic instrument to measure social information processing in children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities", Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(1), pp.358~370 (2011)
- van Roekel, E., "Bullying among adolescents with autism spectrum disorders : Prevalence and perception", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(1), pp.63~73 (2010)
- Wainscot, J. J., "Relationships with peers and use of the school environment of mainstreamsecondary school pupils with Asperger syndrome : A case-control study", International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 8(1), pp.25~38 (2008)
- Weis, R., "Introduction to abnormal child and adolescent psychology" (2021), Sage
- Whittington, R., "Attitudes toward patient aggression amongst mental health nurses in the ‘zero tolerance’era : associations with burnout and length of experience", Journal of Clinical Nursing, 11(6), pp.819~825 (2002)
- Yen, C. F., "Factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire", The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 28(9), pp.500~505 (2012)
- Zeedyk, S., "Bullying of youth with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, or typical development : victim and parent perspectives", Research in AutismSpectrum Disorders, 8(9), pp.1173~1183 (2014)
