초등학교 아동들이 지각한 부모의 심리통제와 자아존중감의 관계: 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의의 매개효과
he Relationship between Perceived Parental Psychological Control and Self-Esteem in Elementary School Children: The Mediating Effects of Maladaptive Self-Oriented Perfectionism
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초록
본 연구에서는 초등학교 아동들이 지각한 부모의 심리통제와 자아존중감의 관계를 알아보고, 부모의 심리통제가 자아존중감에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의가 매개역할을 하는지를 알아보았다. 대구․경북지역에 거주하고 있는 초등학교 5학년과 6학년 아동 423명이 참여하여 부와 모의 심리통제, 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의와 네 영역의 자아존중감-일반적 자아존중감, 사회적 자아존중감, 가족 자아존중감과 학교 자아존중감-을 평가하였다. 아동들이 부와 모의 심리통제를 높게 지각할수록 낮은 자아존중감과 높은 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의를 나타내었고, 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의가 높을수록 낮은 자아존중감을 나타내었다. 회귀분석과 매개효과분석 결과, 부와 모의 심리통제는 자아존중감의 하위 영역 가운데 특히 학교 자아존중감에 크게 영향을 미쳤으며, 이 과정에서 아동의 부적응적 자기지향 완벽주의가 부분 매개 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 부모의 심리통제는 아동들의 건강한 심리적 발달을 돕기 위해서 지양되어야 할 양육방식으로 시사된다.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between perceived parental psychological control and self- esteem, as well as to examine the mediating role of maladaptive self-oriented perfectionism, in elementary school children. The participants were 423 fifth- and sixth-grade children in the Daegu and Kyungpook areas of Korea. Children evaluated their mother's and father's psychological control; maladaptive self- oriented perfectionism; and self-esteem in four areas-general, social, family and school. Children tended to display lower self-esteem and higher maladaptive self-oriented perfectionism when they perceived parental psychological control to be high. Those exhibiting high maladaptive self-oriented perfectionism also tended to display lower self-esteem. Maladaptive self-oriented perfectionism partially mediated the relationship between perceived parental psychological control and school self-esteem. These results suggested that high parental psychological control is a poor parenting style for furthering children's healthy psychological development.
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