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학생 생활지도 원칙과 전략에 관한 국내·외 논의: 학생 행동 관리, 긍정적 행동 지원, 긍정 훈육을 중심으로

Discussions on the Principles and Strategies of Student Life Guidance Both Nationally and Internationally: Based on Student Behavior Management, PBS, and Positive Discipline

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참고문헌

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초록

본 연구는 최근 교육 현장에서 교사의 교육활동 침해 수준이 점차 심각해지고 있는 현실을 반영하여, 학생들의 학습권과 교사의 교육권을 보호하고 학습에 최선인 환경을 조성 및 유지하기 위한 학생 생활지도의 원칙과 전략을 구체적으로 제시해보고자 하였다. 학생 생활지도는 교사들이 가장 고난도로 인식하는 교육활동의 하나이며, 생활지도 불응이나 수업 방해, 교원의 인격 훼손 등의 문제에 적극적으로 대응하고자 최근 교원의 학생 생활지도에 관한 고시가 제정 및 공포되었다는 점에서 본 주제는 시의성을 지닌다. 본 연구를 위해 그간 국내 맥락에서 개진되어 온 생활지도 관련 문헌을 광범위하게 탐색하였으며 이를 통해 생활지도의 개념과 방법이 다소 모호하고 포괄적으로 인식되어왔음을 파악하였으며, 구체적인 생활지도 원칙 및 전략에 대한 논의가 제한되어왔음을 밝혔다. 아울러, 해외 맥락에서 생활지도의 원칙 및 전략으로 정부 차원 지침과 단위학교 행동강령에 광범위하게 적용되고 있는 ‘학생 행동 관리’, ‘긍정 행동 지원(PBS)’, ‘긍정 훈육’에 대한 문헌을 탐색하여 원칙과 전략을 구체화하여 제시하였다. 이를 통해 행동 규율 관점에서 학생 생활지도가 나아가야 할 방향성에 대해 제언하였다는 데 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

Abstract

This study addresses an increasing infringement on teachers' educational activities and proposes specific principles and strategies for student guidance to safeguard students' learning rights and teachers' educational rights, aiming to establish an optimal learning environment. Student guidance, identified as a challenging task for teachers, has gained urgency with recent regulations addressing issues like guidance non-compliance, classroom disruptions, and defamation of teachers. A comprehensive review of the domestic literature revealed that the concept and methods of student guidance have been ambiguously perceived and discussions on specific principles have been limited. This study also explores the literature on 'student behavior management,' 'Positive Behavioral Support (PBS),' and 'positive discipline' from international contexts. Accordingly, the study suggests directions for advancing student guidance from a behavioral discipline perspective, underscoring the significance of this research.

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