魏晉南朝 시기 관료를 위한 황제의 哀悼禮

Abstract

In ancient China it was not necessary for the emperor to hold mourning rites for deceased government officials due to his supreme status in the empire. As West Jin(西晉) had been founded, new system of mourning rites for his relation or officials was established, which emperor set up fifteen cries of lamentation(擧哀) one time one day or three times every morning in three days depending on the relative degree of intimacy of relationship. The lamentation of emperor was limited to the top ranks of officials under the law, but the rites has been held to middle ranks who gained the favor of the king. The new ritual system was based on new interpretation of the Confucian scriptures, especially the provision of 'for the officials of top ranks(貴臣)', the chapter of three-month mourning(緦麻三月服), in Liyi (儀禮). Those days several scholars named the king as the subject of wearing mourning for the officials, and said that the present sovereign should inherit the spirit of the old rites. Although this new trend in interpretation reflected the power of the aristocracy, on the other hand the emperor must expect induction of their sense of loyalty to himself and organize them in the imperial ritual system revolving around the king.