唐ㆍ宋代 설탕의 종류와 개념

Abstract

In Chinese documents, Sugar have almost been expressed Zhetang(蔗糖), shatang(砂糖, 沙糖), shimi(石蜜). From among these, shimi has several means like honey cliffs, a loaf of sugar, milk sugar, and sugar candy. Therefore, a concept of shimi have been at issue among reseachers of Chinese sugar history in company with origin of sugarcane and origin of Chinese sugar. Today, it is general opinion that sugar was made by Chinese artisan from Tang Zhenguannianjian(貞觀年間). It is based on shintangshu(新唐書). Some researchers mentioned that Chinese have begun making a small peace of sugar after using aotangfa(熬糖法), India's sugar boiling technique, and sugar have begun divided consumption site from a sugar cane-producing area, and it influenced on popularize of sugar with other sugar products, shimi(石蜜), tangshang(糖霜), bingtang(冰糖). Nevertheless, it is a mere presumption what is base on uncertain general opinion, it needs detailed consideration. In particular, because well-known medical book, benchaogangmu(本草綱目) had a misinformation about concept of shimi(石蜜) and sugar candy what was confused with shimi(石蜜) in this book was consumed from song to qing dynasty, we have to study deep into this subject. Thus, in this article, I review concepts about sugar products in Chinese literature of Tang-Song dynasty, and define meaning about sugar products in this period. And I check how make tangshang(糖霜) from tangshangpu(糖霜譜), try to compare tangshang(糖霜) and bingtang(冰糖). Finally I classify sugar products and establish concepts of sugar product in Chinese historical records.