정체성의 우화 반공 증언수기집과 냉전의 기억들

Abstract

The witness memorandums from Korean Liberation to the middle of 1950s could consist of the origin of memories of cold war filled with anti-communistic discourse in terms of ethnographic writing. One of features of these witness memorandums was an example showing the expanding power of culture to be in the period of revolution before modern nation. In terms of meaning of 'witness' and 'memorandum,' the witness memorandum was reflected the traces influenced by that times and practical politics rather than literary theory. The periods of time in the witness memorandum were mainly from Korean liberation to 1948, when the new government(nation-state) was established, and from June to September. Those times were in welter of the Korean war and the revolution. The writers of memorandum embodied the cultural shock with those historical moments, and the discourse of these writers reveal an effect of a particular ideology in a magnetic field of anti-communistic inclination and the cold-war. The witness memorandum was almost in accord with the structure of the cold-war in Korea. And using the way of witnessing, the real state of North Korea was spreaded after May, 1946 in the light of anti-communistic ideology. The period of May, 1946 was closely related with the land reform of North Korea. South Korea embossed the enforcement and radicalism of that measure to prevent the hot wind of the land reform, and at the same time, it was ill-famed to be the plunderage of the private property, and the threat and political defiance to the democracy of the capitalism. Besides, the opportunity of systematizing the memories of the cold-war mainly in national ideology was through Yeosun breaking up just after the establishment of Korean government in 1948. South Korea went though Yeosun had a chance to take the anti-communist discipline apparatus. The discourse of anti-communism in witness memorandum created the mental images of race, nation, and other called North Korea, and on the other hand, was reorganized the memories of cold-war folded with the experience of Korean war. Thus those gave a clue to the literature and the literary field involved in forming the public image of the nation. The witness memorandum produced in the frame of 'geographical, ideological, social, and political division of the Korean peninsula revealed the ideological effect of the nation/nationalism discourse in the area of culture, and was exploited to a part of the plan of modern nation helping the race make from a blood relation to an ideological connections. And those memorandum made North Korea and the group of communists the otherness by reorganizing the public memories the recollection of horror and savageness about Korean war, and so became one of the sources created the identity of the race and the nation completely holding the hegemony of nation/nationalism. Such a formation of the identity was an allegory of the Korean nation in that it was darkly produced in the time zone of the cold war fabricated the violence and the wildness, and the otherness and the antagonism.