A 17.5 GHz VCO with 1/4 Frequency Divider Chain Based on 65-nm CMOS Technology
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In this work, a 17.5-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) integrated with a frequency divider chain of 1/4 division ratio has been designed based on a 65-nm CMOS technology. The VCO is implemented as a LC cross-coupled structure, which includes a 2-bit capacitor bank and switches for coarse frequency tuning and varactors for continuous tuning. The frequency divider chain is composed of a current-mode logic (CML) /4 frequency divider, CML-to-CMOS converter, and 50-Ω driver. The VCO exhibits a frequency tuning range from 16.3 GHz to 20.8 GHz, with -11.3-dBm output power at the center frequency of 17.5 GHz. The frequency divider chain converts the VCO oscillation frequency down to 4.4 GHz with an output power around 0 dBm. The total DC power consumption is 23.8 mW, and the circuit size including the pads is 600 × 700 mm2.
Abstract
In this work, a 17.5-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) integrated with a frequency divider chain of 1/4 division ratio has been designed based on a 65-nm CMOS technology. The VCO is implemented as a LC cross-coupled structure, which includes a 2-bit capacitor bank and switches for coarse frequency tuning and varactors for continuous tuning. The frequency divider chain is composed of a current-mode logic (CML) /4 frequency divider, CML-to-CMOS converter, and 50-Ω driver. The VCO exhibits a frequency tuning range from 16.3 GHz to 20.8 GHz, with -11.3-dBm output power at the center frequency of 17.5 GHz. The frequency divider chain converts the VCO oscillation frequency down to 4.4 GHz with an output power around 0 dBm. The total DC power consumption is 23.8 mW, and the circuit size including the pads is 600 × 700 mm2.
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