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여군을 인식하는 생각의 틀: 사회심리학적 관점을 기반으로

A Psychological Frame of Perceiving Female Soldiers: Based on Social Psychological Perspective

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초록

군 내 여군인력이 증가함에 따라 여군에 대한 학계의 관심도 계속해서 증가하고 있다. 여군 관련 선행 연구의 대다수는 여군에 대한 인식이 부정적이거나 미성숙하다는 전제 하에 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 인식이 어떠한 심리적 과정에 의해 이루어지는가에 대한 논의는 지금까지 부족했던 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 사회심리학적 관점을 기반으로 사회심리학적 이론과 개념을 통해 군대 내 여군이 인식되는 과정에 대해서 논의하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 먼저, 사회적 범주화, 고정관념화, 내집단-외집단 편파, 소수집단, 지위 일반화 등의 개념과 이론에 기초하여 여군 인식 과정에 대해 분석하였으며 이후, 여군 인식의 전환과정에 대해 모색하였다. 본 연구가 향후 여군 관련 연구 및 정책에 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다.

Abstract

As the number of female soldiers in the military has increased, scholars in various academic fields have focused on the subjects related to female soldiers. The majority of previous research on female soldiers was conducted on the basis of the premise that they are perceived as negative in the military. However, it seems that the psychological mechanism for the negative perception of female soldiers has not been specifically discussed so far. The purpose of this article is to discuss the psychological frame of perceiving female soldiers in the military based on the social psychological perspective. First, the concepts and theories of social categorization, stereotyping, ingroup-outgroup bias, minority group, status generalization and construal level were discussed and applied to the process of perception of female soldiers. Second, solutions to attenuate negative perception of female soldiers were discussed. The discussion in this article is expected to contribute to researching and making policy on female soldiers in the future.

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