중국의 최근 고조선·부여사 연구 현황과 평가

Abstract

Although the Dongbuk-project was finished in Feb., 2007, the Chinese academic circles more actively conduct research on the history of Old Joseon and Buyeo, based on the production of researchers and the establishment of research institution, which were promoted by the Dongbuk-project. The Chinese academic circles have recently published 15 volumes of Dongbukgodaebangguksokguksayeonguchongseo(東北古代方國屬國史硏究叢書)’, and arranged the history of Old Joseon and Buyeo in 『Gissijoseonsa(箕氏朝鮮史)』, 『Wissijoseonsa(衛氏朝鮮史)』 and 『Buyeosa (夫餘史)』. They reflect the perspective that these countries were consistently dependencies or local governments of Yuan Dynasty. The Chinese academic circles have continuously published separate volumes and articles on the history of Dangun and Buyeo, after the Dongbuk-project, except for such books. The essential results of the Chinese academic circles’ research on Old Joseon indicate that Old Joseon means both Gijajoseon (Gissijoseon) and Wimanjoseon (Wissijoseon), and these countries were subordinated to the Jungwon dynasty. The Chinese academic circles, therefore, reject the historicity of Dangun and argue that Gija from Shang Dynasty founded Gissijoseon and then, Wiman who fled from Yan Dynasty, a feudal state of Han Dynasty founded Wissijoseon. Research on Dangun primarily discusses the period of its foundation, by focusing on the next generation and stresses the similarity with the Chinese myths, though it assumes or affirms that Dangun was founded in the next generation. Research on Gija recognized Gija Joseon and assumed that it was located in Pyeongyang, but turns to the rearrangement of the existing studies. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the fact that master’s theses on detailed themes about Gija have been published. The Chinese academic circles’ research on the history of Buyeo stresses its connection with the Jungwon, in terms of its origin and cultural characteristics, from the perspective that Buyeo was a local government which had been consistently subordinated to the Jungwon dynasty since Han Dynasty. In addition, there were studies on detailed themes such as King Daeso, King Wigutae, etc. Although foreign relations were also studied from various perspectives, the tributary relation with Jungwon Dynasty is intensively highlighted. In particular, the Chinese academic circles publish a vast collection of theses on and the set of data about the history of Buyeosa. In order to overcome such a limit of the Chinese academic circles’ distorted research, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth research into the basic data about the history of Old Joseon and Buyeosa, by using various themes. Moreover, the government’s support for active academic exchanges with foreign scholars and the recruitment of research personnel is urgently essential.