북·중 국경관리제도의 특징과 시사점

Abstract

The border management system was established and developed during Kim Il-sung’s rule on the basis of friendly relations with China. The border management system was changed due to the diplomatic relationship between Korea and China as well as the many North Korean defectors. While there was no change in the border management system during Kim Jung-un’s rule there is thought to be a gap between the system and the reality as North Korea and China both strengthened their border management. North Korea shares a similar border management system with that of countries around China in terms of regular united border inspection, use of rivers and its management, border security management, and traffic order management. The main difference is that North Korea and China co-operate the border river while the countries surrounding China manage their own regions based on their borders. The characteristics of the border management system in North Korea and China are the joint use and management of border rivers, the increasing importance of border security and order management, the gap between the border management system and the reality being created and that the cooperation system for the border management is well prepared. Since the border management system is a “co-management model” that has developed over a long term, it is considered a useful model that can be applied to the border management between the two Koreas when inter-Korean relations progress in the future.