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9/11 and its Impact on Pakistan’s Counter-Terrorism Policies

최관
국가안보전략연구원 (Institute for National Security Strategy)|2010.03|국가안보와 전략 (National Security and Strategy)|제10권 제1호|pp. 269-321|DOI 10.23111/nsas.2010.10.1.009

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키워드

파키스탄범죄Pakistan아프가니스탄AfghanistanCrimeCounter-Terrorism9/11 Terror9.11 테러대-테러리즘
주제분류정치외교학

초록

The aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks exposed Pakistan to multi dimensional threats. The policy makers pursued a policy which rescued the Pakistani nation from a dilemma (by becoming an ally in Global War on Terror). However, it created serious problem for Pakistan on internal as well external fronts. Where Pakistan’s decision to join the US led global war on terror (GWOT) was partly influenced by the tough American tone, it was the only viable option to pursue in the national interest. It was believed that besides fighting militancy home and in tribal areas, a stable and Pakistan-friendly Afghanistan was in the best interest of Pakistan. Therefore, it provided extensive support to the Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), as well as confronted the invisible enemy in its own tribal areas and the cities. It also provided a much needed opportunity for Pakistan to address militancy and religious extremism in the country that was primarily a legacy of the Soviet Afghan War. As a frontline state, Pakistan should have closed its border with Afghanistan and captured all the escapees Taliban and Al-Qaeda operatives during OEF. However, it is alleged that Pakistani Authority gave a safe passage to all Taliban escapees into Tribal areas of Pakistan where they were given safe sanctuaries. Later on this policy to give protection to Taliban backfired. This force which was nurtured, trained and equipped by Pakistan became a threat to very foundation of Pakistan. How Pakistan is dealing with this security threat is explained in this paper.

Abstract

The aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks exposed Pakistan to multi dimensional threats. The policy makers pursued a policy which rescued the Pakistani nation from a dilemma (by becoming an ally in Global War on Terror). However, it created serious problem for Pakistan on internal as well external fronts. Where Pakistan’s decision to join the US led global war on terror (GWOT) was partly influenced by the tough American tone, it was the only viable option to pursue in the national interest. It was believed that besides fighting militancy home and in tribal areas, a stable and Pakistan-friendly Afghanistan was in the best interest of Pakistan. Therefore, it provided extensive support to the Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), as well as confronted the invisible enemy in its own tribal areas and the cities. It also provided a much needed opportunity for Pakistan to address militancy and religious extremism in the country that was primarily a legacy of the Soviet Afghan War. As a frontline state, Pakistan should have closed its border with Afghanistan and captured all the escapees Taliban and Al-Qaeda operatives during OEF. However, it is alleged that Pakistani Authority gave a safe passage to all Taliban escapees into Tribal areas of Pakistan where they were given safe sanctuaries. Later on this policy to give protection to Taliban backfired. This force which was nurtured, trained and equipped by Pakistan became a threat to very foundation of Pakistan. How Pakistan is dealing with this security threat is explained in this paper.

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