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서비스실패와 지속구매의도의 관계에서 심리적 계약위반의 매개효과

The Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Violation in the Service Failure-Repeat Purchase Intention Relationship

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주제분류관광학

초록

치열한 경쟁의 서비스경영 환경에서 고객의 심리적 계약수준, 즉 묵시적 합의에 의한 기대치가 높아짐에 따라 서비스실패가 빈번해질 수 밖에 없는 실정이다. 그러므로 서비스실패를 최대한 예방하여 고객의 심리적 계약위반 인식을 최소화하기 위한 요인을 파악하고, 서비스실패의 귀인과 지속구매의도의 관계에서 심리적 계약위반의 매개효과를 분석하여 서비스기업의 효율적인 고객관리방안을 제시하고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적을 달성하고자 호텔, 여행사, 항공사, 레스토랑 등의 서비스기업 이용 중 1년 이내에 서비스실패의 경험이 있는 서울 및 경기지역의 만 20세 이상 성인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 2020년 1월 6일부터 31일까지 실시된 설문조사에서 402개의 설문지가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 실증분석의 결과, 서비스실패 안정성과 통제성 모두 심리적 계약위반에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 심리적 계약위반은 지속구매의도에 부(-)의 영향을 미치며 서비스실패와 지속구매의도의 영향관계에서 심리적 계약위반의 매개효과도 증명되었다. 반면 서비스실패의 안정성은 지속구매의도에 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤지만, 통제성은 기각되었다. 본 연구는 주로 조직행동관점에서 활발히 연구된 심리적 계약위반 개념을 환대산업의 기업을 이용하는 고객관점에서 연구하여 의미있는 결과를 도출하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 고객접점 분석을 통한 세분화된 서비스 및 문제해결 프로세스, 고객 맞춤 전략, 모니터링 시스템의 정립에 대한 필요성과 고객의 심리적 계약위반의 연구 확장의 필요성에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This research examined the mediating role of psychological contract violation in the service failure-repeat purchase intention relationship of service customers. In a sample of 402 customers who had experience with service failure in the hospitality industry, the findings are as follows. First, all of the service failure dimensions(stability and controllability) were found to be relate positively to psychological contract violation. Second, psychological contract violation was found to be relate negatively to repeat purchase intention. Third, only stability of service failure dimensions was found to be relate negatively to repeat purchase intention. Finally, psychological contract violation was found to mediate the influence of service failure on repeat purchase intention. This study drew meaningful results by studying the psychological contract violation concept from the perspective of customers in the hospitality industry although there have been mainly studied from the perspective of organizational behavior. Based on these results, theoretical and managerial implications of the findings were discussed in the paper. The need for detailed service and problem solving process through customer contact analysis, customized strategy and establishment of monitoring system, and the necessity of expanding research on psychological contract violations of customers were presented.

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