내담자 반응에 대한 상담자의 중요성 판단
Counselor's Judgement on the Information Value of Client's Reactions
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본 연구는 상담자들이 상담에서 어떤 내담자 반응을 중요한 반응이라고 판단하는지를 발견하여 목록으로 구성하고 이를 유사성에 따라 분류하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 본 연구는 다음의 과정으로 진행되었다. 첫째, 내담자 5명의 실제 상담을 비디오로 촬영하고 이 동영상에 대한 평정을 실시하여 내담자 반응 추출을 위한 상담 동영상을 선정하였다. 둘째, 상담경력 4년 이상의 상담자 17명을 대상으로 상담 동영상을 사용하여 중요하다고 판단되는 내담자 반응을 추출하였다. 셋째, 추출된 내담자 중요 반응에 대해서 유사의미통합 과정과 중요성 평가 과정을 거쳐서 76개의 최종 목록을 확정하였다. 넷째, 내담자 반응 항목들이 어떻게 분류되는지 확인하기 위해 추출단계에 참여한 14명의 참여자가 내담자 반응을 유사성에 따라 분류하였고 그 결과를 이용하여 위계적 군집 분석을 실시하였다. 중요하다고 판단되는 내담자 반응들은 9개의 군집으로 분류되었으며 각 군집은 ‘대인관계 및 의사소통 방식’, ‘사고 및 지각 방식’, ‘정서 인식 및 표현’, ‘욕구와 기대’, ‘신체반응’, ‘통찰’, ‘부모 관계에서의 정서’, ‘부모에 대한 지각’, ‘상담 주제’로 각각 명명되었다. 상담자들이 중요하다고 판단한 내담자 반응이 상담 이론과 연구에서 가지는 함의에 대해서 논의하고 연구의 의의와 한계 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to clarify client reactions which are regarded as important by the counselor, to compose the list of these client reactions and to identify the clusters unveiling the meaning of the list. This study was conducted in the following 5 phases. In the first phase, 5 counseling sessions of 5 clients were made into films. 1 film was selected for the study from the result of evaluation of 3 experienced counselors. In the second phase, 17 experienced counselors watched the film, rated the importance of a client's reaction and explained the reason of their rating. 279 items of client's reactions regarded as important was elicited. In the third phase, 279 client's reactions were unified and the client's reactions regarded as less important were excluded. Thus, 76 items of client's reactions were included as a final list of important client's reactions. In the fourth phase, 14 participants who took part in the second phase sorted 76 items into similar piles. The sorted items were used as input data for a hierarchical clustering. As the result of hierarchical clustering, 9 clusters were classified: ‘Interpersonal relationship and communication style’ ‘Cognition and perception style’, ‘Need and expectation’, ‘Physical reactions’, ‘Insight’, ‘Emotion in the relationship with parents’, ‘Judgement on parents’, ‘Issues of counseling’. Implications for counseling theory and research of this study were suggested. Contribution of this study and future research were suggested.
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