자기용서 척도의 개발 및 타당화
Development and Validation of the Self-Forgiveness Scale
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 한국 대학생을 대상으로 자기용서척도를 개발하고 이 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하는 것이었다. 먼저 1차 예비연구로, 문헌고찰을 통해 개발된 자기용서 예비문항 55개에 대해 대학생 42명의 자료를 분석하여 보다 적절한 35문항을 선정하였고 그 다음 2차 예비연구로 상담 및 임상심리학 전문가 8명의 내용타당도 평가를 통해 최종 25문항을 선정하였다. 본 연구 1에서는 대학생 196명을 대상으로 25문항의 자기용서척도에 대한 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고 그 결과 최종적으로 19개의 문항을 확정하였고 세 개의 하위요인(‘수용과 개선’, ‘책임 인정’, ‘부정적 정서․사고․행동’)을 추출하였다. 이 도구와 긍정․부정 정서, 자아 존중감 척도와의 상관을 조사함으로써 공존타당도를 확인하였고 타인용서 척도와의 상관을 통해 변별타당도를 확인하였다. 또한 준거관련 타당도를 확인하기 위해서 우울감 및 삶의 만족도 척도와의 상관을 조사하였다. 연구 2에서는 연구 1에서 확정된 19개 문항에 대해 대학생을 포함한 일반인 371명을 대상으로 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 3요인 구조의 안정성을 확인하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and validate the Self-Forgiveness Scale (SFS) in Korean college students. As a preliminary study, 55 items for the SFS that were extracted from literature review were administered to 42 college students for their evaluation in terms of the appropriateness of the scale content. As a result, the 55 items were reduced to 35 items. The 35 items were then subject to 8 experts' evaluation for establishing content validity of the scale, which reduced 35 items to 25 items. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the 25-item SFS (n = 196), which revealed 19 finalized items with three factors (‘acceptance and improvement’, ‘responsibility’, and ‘negative affect, thought, and behavior’) with good estimates for internal consistency among items. Validity estimates was established through correlation and regression analyses with conceptually related other scales (positive and negative emotions, self-esteem, & other-forgiveness). The results provide support for adequate concurrent, criterion-related and discriminant validity. In Study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis with a sample of 371 college students was performed on the 19-item SFS and the results supported the presence of the three factors extracted from Study 1.
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