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주관적 외상 사건에 대한 구조화된 글쓰기의 효과

The Effects of the Structured Writing about the Subjective Traumatic Event

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참고문헌

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주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 외상 치료를 위한 비구조화된 글쓰기의 한계를 보완한 구조화된 글쓰기의 심리적인 효과를 검증하였다. 연구1에서는 외상에 의한 심리적 고통을 가지고 있는 104명의 대학생 참가자를 대상으로 구조화된 글쓰기 집단, 비구조화된 글쓰기 집단 그리고 통제집단에 무선으로 할당하여 사전-중간-사후 시점에 따라 각 집단 간 심리적 변인(외상에 대한 지각된 고통, 상태불안, 우울, 주관적 안녕감, 외상후성장)에 대한 효과를 비교했다. 그 결과 구조화된 글쓰기 집단이 나머지 두 집단 보다 심리적 변인에 대해 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 연구2에서는 성공적인 글쓰기의 메커니즘을 알아보기 위해, 연구1에서 참여자들이 쓴 글을 한국어 글 분석 프로그램인 K-LIWC를 사용하여 긍정적 정서 단어, 부정적 정서 단어, 인지적 과정 단어의 사용 빈도를 산출하여 집단 간의 차이를 비교했다. 그 결과 구조화된 글쓰기 집단은 비구조화된 글쓰기 집단이나 통제집단에 비해 긍정적 정서 단어와 인지적 과정 단어의 사용 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 구조화된 글쓰기의 효과를 경험적으로 확인하고 그 과정을 설명함으로써 개인의 고통스러운 사건에 대해 특정한 방식으로 글을 쓰도록 하는 개입이 보다 효과적임을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study examined the effect of the structured writing about subjective traumatic event on psychological health(perceived distress, anxiety, depression, subjective well-being, posttraumatic growth). In study 1, participants (N=104) were randomly assigned to one of four 25-min writing tasks in which they wrote about either (A) Exposure-Reappraisal-Benefit finding of the traumatic event, (B) Exposure-Reappraisal-Benefit finding of the traumatic event, (C) thoughts and feelings of the traumatic event they had suffered. or (D) a control topic that was unrelated to the traumatic event. Participants in the (A, B) structured writing intervention groups were more effective on psychological health than did those in the other 2 groups. In study 2, the (A, B) structured writing intervention groups appeared to facilitate the improvement of psychological health by encouraging participants to engage in positive emotional words and cognitive processing words as they wrote their essays. Results suggest that (A, B) Exposure-Reappraisal-Benefit finding and Exposure-Reappraisal-Benefit finding writing groups may be useful to help traumatized people psychological health through structured interventions.

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