본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

어머니의 대화 방식과 아동의 수줍음이 아동의 사회적 유능성에 미치는 영향 : 마음읽기능력의 매개효과

The effects of maternal elaborated mental state talk and shyness on child’s social competence : The mediating role of theory of mind

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구는 어머니의 대화 방식, 특히 그 중에서도 마음상태에 대해 언급하고 정교하게 설명하는 대화방식과 아동의 수줍음 기질이 이차 틀린 믿음에 대한 이해를 포함한 고차적인 마음읽기 능력을 설명할 수 있는지 살펴보고, 어머니의 정교한 마음상태 대화와 아동의 수줍음이 아동의 마음읽기 능력을 매개로 하여 아동의 사회적 유능성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해, 초등학교 1학년 학생과 어머니 207 쌍이 연구에 참여하였다. 연구 결과, 어머니의 정교한 마음상태 대화는 아동의 마음읽기 능력을 유의미하게 예측할 수 있었으나 아동의 수줍음은 그렇지 않았다. 매개모형을 검증한 결과, 수줍음과 어머니의 정교한 마음상태 대화가 아동의 사회적 유능성에 영향을 미칠 때, 마음읽기 능력이 완전매개효과를 가지는 것이 확인되었다. 그러나 어머니의 정교한 대화 방식이 아동의 마음읽기 능력을 거쳐 아동의 사회적 유능성으로 가는 경로만이 유의미하였다. 본 연구에서는 아동의 사회적 유능성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 어머니의 대화 방식을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이 결과를 바탕으로 아동의 사회적 유능성을 증진시키는 개입에 있어 어머니의 대화 방식 코칭 등과 같은 부모교육의 역할을 고려할 토대를 마련하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Abstract

The present study investigates the mediational effect of theory of mind among shyness, maternal elaborated mental state talk(EMS) and social competence. For this, 207 pairs of 1st grader at an elementary school and their mother, and 17 teachers participated in this study. Children completed ToM battery including second-order belief and some stories from Strange Story Test. Shyness subscale form CBQ and MMSII was completed by their mother, and T-CRS by teachers. The results shows that EMS can predict ToM, however shyness can’t. The results also indicates that the relationship between EMS and social competence was fully mediated by ToM. The findings contribute to our understanding of mediating role of ToM between parenting, specifically mother’s preference of mentioning and explaining mental states, and social competence. Based on this findings. we could consider the effects of the parent education, such as conversation coaching program, as a part of the intervention to enhance children’s social competence.

참고문헌 (62)

  1. Asendorpf, J. B., "Inhibited and aggressive preschool children at 23 years of age : Personality and social transitions into adulthood", Developmental Psychology, 44(4), pp.997~1011 (2008)
  2. Astington, J. W., "Individual differences in theory of mind: Implications for typical and atypical development" (2003), Psychology Press
  3. Astington, J. W., "A longitudinal study of the relation between language and theory-of-mind development", Developmental Psychology, 35(5), pp.1311~1320 (1999)
  4. Astington, J. W., "Theory of mind and epistemological development : The relation between children's secondorder false-belief understanding and their ability to reason about evidence", New Ideas in Psychology, 20(2), pp.131~144 (2002)
  5. Birch, S. H, "The teacher-child relationship and children's early school adjustment", Journal of school psychology, 35(1), pp.61~79 (1997)
  6. Bohlin, G., "Behavioral inhibition as a precursor of peer social competence in early school age : The interplay with attachment and nonparental care", Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 51(1), pp.1~19 (2005)
  7. Bosacki, S. L., "Theory of mind in preadolescence: Connections among social understanding, self-concept, and social relations", doctor, pp.1998
  8. Bosacki, S., "Theory of mind in preadolescence : Relations between social understanding and social competence", Social Development, 8(2), pp.237~255 (1999)
  9. Brown, J. R., "Why talk about mental states? the significance of children's conversations with friends, siblings, and mothers", Child Development, 67(3), pp.836~849 (1996)
  10. Carlson, S. M., "Individual differences in inhibitory control and children's theory of mind", Child Development, 72(4), pp.1032~1053 (2001)
  11. Cassidy, K. W., "The relationship between psychological understanding and positive social behaviors", Social Development, 12(2), pp.198~221 (2003)
  12. Chen, Q., "Social competence and behavior problems in chinese preschoolers", Early Education and Development, 13(2), pp.171~186 (2002)
  13. 정현희, "한국판 교사용-아동평정척도(T-CRS)의 신뢰도와 타당도", 한국심리학회지: 발달, 15(2), pp.73~88 (2002), 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회
  14. 정진나, "일차순위와 이차순위 마음상태에 대한 아동의 이해: 발달적 격차를 중심으로", 한국심리학회지: 발달, 26(3), pp.97~115 (2013), 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회
  15. Crick, N. R., "The role of overt aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior in the prediction of children's future social adjustment", Child Development, 67(5), pp.2317~2327 (1996)
  16. Cutting, A. L., "Conversations with siblings and with friends : Links between relationship quality and social understanding", British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 24(1), pp.73~87 (2006)
  17. DeRosier, M. E., "Children's academic and behavioral adjustment as a function of the chronicity and proximity of peer rejection", Child Development, 65(6), pp.1799~1813 (1994)
  18. Dunn, J., "Family talk about feeling states and children's later understanding of others' emotions", Developmental Psychology, 27(3), pp.448~ (1991)
  19. Dunn, J., "Young children's understanding of other people's feelings and beliefs : Individual differences and their antecedents", Child Development, 62(6), pp.1352~1366 (1991)
  20. Ensor, R., "Content or connectedness? Mother-child talk and early social understanding", Child Development, 79(1), pp.201~216 (2008)
  21. Filippova, E., "Further development in social reasoning revealed in discourse irony understanding", Child Development, 79(1), pp.126~138 (2008)
  22. Furrow, D., "Mental terms in mothers' and children's speech : Similarities and relationships", Journal of Child Language, 19(3), pp.617~631 (1992)
  23. 김혜리, "학령기와 그 이후의 마음이해 발달: 애매한 상황에서의 마음읽기 능력", 한국심리학회지: 발달, 20(1), pp.21~49 (2007), 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회
  24. 하수정, "유아기 수줍음 및 어머니의 양육방식이 대학생의 협조성에 미치는 영향: 마음이론 능력의 매개효과를 중심으로", 인간발달연구, 21(1), pp.201~220 (2014), 한국인간발달학회
  25. Hale, C. M., "Will training on language influence theory of mind development", proceedings of the Boston University conference on Language Development (2000)
  26. Happe, F. G., "An advanced test of theory of mind: Understanding of story characters' thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped, and normal children and adults", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(2), pp.129~154 (1994)
  27. Harris, P. L., "Language and Children's Understanding of Mental States", Current Directions in Psychological science, 14(2), pp.69~73 (2005)
  28. Hightower, A. D., "The teacher-child rating scale:A brief objective measure of elementary children’s school problem behaviors and competencies", School Psychology Review, 15(3), pp.393~409 (1986)
  29. Howes, C., "Social competence with peers in young children: Developmental sequences", Developmental Review, 7(3), pp.252~272 (1987)
  30. Hughes, C., "Executive function in preschoolers: links with theory of mind and verbal ability", British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16, pp.233~253 (1998)
  31. Hughes, C., "Executive Function and Theory of Mind:Predictive Relations from Ages 2 to 4", Developmental Psychology, 43(6), pp.1447~1459 (2007)
  32. Hymel, S., "Children's peer relationships : Longitudinal prediction of internalizing and externaliziing problems from middle to late childhood", Child Development, 61(6), pp.2004~2021 (1990)
  33. Jenkins, J. M., "A longitudinal investigation of the dynamics of mental state talk in families", Child Development, 74(3), pp.905~920 (2003)
  34. Ji, E. J., "The study in the relationship of mothers’ mental state terms with children’s and theory of mind", doctor, pp.2009
  35. 지은주, "유아의 어머니형제언어능력과 마음이론과의 관련성", 열린유아교육연구, 12(2), pp.185~205 (2007), 한국열린유아교육학회
  36. 김연수, "아동의 기질적 특성과 마음이론 간 관련성에 관한 단기종단적 탐색", 인간발달연구, 23(1), pp.21~35 (2016), 한국인간발달학회[DOI]
  37. 구재선, "중학생의 마음이해 능력과 사회적 상호작용", 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격, 22(2), pp.17~33 (2008), 한국사회및성격심리학회
  38. 권연희, "남녀 유아의 수줍음과 또래괴롭힘 피해 간 관계에 대한 교사-유아 관계의 중재효과", 한국보육지원학회지, 10(5), pp.25~45 (2014), 한국보육지원학회[DOI]
  39. Ladd, G. W., "Friendship quality as a predictor of young children's early school adjustment", Child Development, 67(3), pp.1103~1118 (1996)
  40. Lane, J. D., "Relations between temperament and theory of mind development in the united states and china:Biological and behavioral correlates of preschoolers' false-belief understanding", Developmental Psychology, 49(5), pp.825~836 (2013)
  41. 이경옥, "유아 기질 척도(CBQ)의 타당화를 위한 기초 연구", 유아교육연구, 24(5), pp.101~120 (2004), 한국유아교육학회
  42. Lee, M. O., "The effects of secondorder mind theory and executive function on children’s social functions", master, pp.2013
  43. Meins, E., "Maternal mind-mindedness and attachment security as predictors of theory of mind understanding", Child Development, 73(6), pp.1715~1726 (2002)
  44. Mink, D., "Infant shy temperament predicts preschoolers theory of mind", Infant Behavior and Development, 37(1), pp.66~75 (2014)
  45. Ok, J. H., "The effect of negative self-concept and self-concept clarity on social anxiety: Maladaptive selffocused attention", master, pp.2013
  46. Pearson, R. M., "Mother-Child conversation and children's social understanding during middle childhood", The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 177(4), pp.103~121 (2016)
  47. Perner, J., ""John thinks that mary thinks that…"attribution of second-order beliefs by 5-to 10-year-old children", Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 39(3), pp.437~471 (1985)
  48. Peterson, C., "Opening windows into the mind : Mothers’ preferences for mental state explanations and children’s theory of mind", Cognitive Development, 18(3), pp.399~429 (2003)
  49. Raftery, A. E., "Bayesian model selection in social research", Sociological Methodology, 25, pp.111~164 (1995)
  50. Raver, C. C., "Social competence: An untapped dimension in evaluating head start's success", Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 12(4), pp.363~385 (1997)
  51. Rothbart, M. K., "Investigations of temperament at 3–7 years : The Children’s Behavior Questionnaire", Child Development, 72, pp.1394~1408 (2001)
  52. Rubin, K. H., "The best friendships of shy", withdrawn children:Prevalence, stability, and relationship quality, 2006, pp.34(2), 139~153
  53. Ruffman, T., "The relation between children's and mothers’ mental state language and theory of mind understanding", Child Development, 73(3), pp.734~751 (2002)
  54. Shin, E. J., "The relationship among theory of mind, comprehension of humor, and peer popularity in schoolage children", master, pp.2011
  55. Slaughter, V., "Theory of mind and peer acceptance in preschool children", British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 20(4), pp.545~564 (2002)
  56. Slaughter, V., "Meta analysis of theory of mind and peer popularity in the preschool and early school years", Child Development, 86(4), pp.1159~1174 (2015)
  57. Sullivan, K., "Preschoolers can attribute second-order beliefs", Developmental Psychology, 30(3), pp.395~402 (1994)
  58. Waters, E., "Social competence as a developmental construct", Developmental Review, 3(1), pp.79~97 (1983)
  59. Watson, A. C., "Social interaction skills and theory of mind in young children", Developmental Psychology, 35(2), pp.386~391 (1999)
  60. Wellman, H. M., "Meta-analysis of theory of mind development : The truth about false belief", Child Development, 72(3), pp.655~684 (2001)
  61. Wellman, H. M., "Observant, nonaggressive temperament predicts theory of mind development", Developmental Science, 14(2), pp.319~326 (2011)
  62. 양혜영, "초등학생의 마음이론과 사회적 능력의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 발달, 21(1), pp.31~47 (2008), 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (5건)