주희(朱熹)의 ‘공ㆍ사(公·私)’ 개념과 공론(公論)

Abstract

Zhu-Xi lived a whole life with public person. For about 40 year from bureaucracy life, he will put the fact that divides public and private affairs in mind. Also because he is not fully reflect his political ambition and aspiration, one of maximum matters of Zhu-Xi's concern and interest is an impersonal opinion. The purpose of this main text is aimed at studying critically the new conceptual definition about public and private affairs, which is based on Zhu-Xi's conception of public and private affairs. In this paper, I insist that Zhu-Xi's conception of public is to have universal morality what Zhu-Xi's conception of private is to have individual exclusivity. The best feature of Zhu-Xi's conception of public and private affairs is based on his theory of virtue, that is, public and private affairs has attribute of to a person perfect virtues, this is, laws of nature and individual desire, right and wrong. And Zhu-Xi's conception of 'public' and 'private affairs' is arrayed with other concepts though arrange in a row and essentially it is not identical other conceptions and the dimension are very different. The discussion of Zhu-Xi's an impersonal opinion is subject to all sorts of interpretation about 'public'. Appraisal about Zhu-Xi's conception of an impersonal opinion is idealism of Fundamental Confucianism's Heaven's command theory and popular feelings theory. But this main text is critical of it. Also I insist that there is a limit to Zhu-Xi's an impersonal opinion.