格物致知与圣贤境界 —栗谷格物致知论略析
The theory concerning investigation of things and extension of knowledge - the spiritual levels of the sages
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将格物致知置于工夫论的核心地位, 格外凸显了格物致知对成圣成贤的重要意义, 是栗谷理学思想的重要特色. 本文认为, 栗谷之所以对格物致知特别重视, 与其“意缘情而起”的心性论密切相关；在栗谷看来, 只有通过格物致知克服、转化掉“意”(恶念、浮念及一切心的思量、计较活动)的干扰, 才能真正实现诚意、正心. 而圣贤的境界的高低, 取决于格物致知工夫对“意”的转化程度.
Abstract
Putting the theory concerning investigation of things and extension of knowledge in the core position of self-civilization (moral practice), which highlighted the importance of it to the realization of becoming a sage, constitutes the main characteristic of Yiyi’s neo-Confucianism. This essay holds the view that the reason why Yiyi paid so much attention to the theory of investigation of things and extension of knowledge owes to the close association between it and his theory of mind-nature featuring that intentions originate from emotion. As far as Yiyi is concerned, only by overcoming and transforming the distraction of intentions through investigation of things and extension of knowledge, can a person achieve sincerity and rectification of mind. Meanwhile, the difference in spiritual levels of the sages is also up to the degree of their transformation of intentions through investigation of things and extension of knowledge.