도교학자 葛洪의 出仕와 정치이상에 대한 이해

Abstract

This paper aims to examine Ge-hong's Taoistic political theory. Ge-hong lived during the upheaval time of the Jin(晋) dynasty. Facing various conflicts of society, he tried whatever methods that were available to search for a resolution to extricate himself from predicament and to create a complete theological system. From this point of view, he wrote two different books, which are called Baopuzi nei-wai pian(「抱朴子」內外篇). Baopuzi waipian is the work of the former part of his life, which is a work that describe that worshiping the Confucian school has an extreme realistic significance. Whereas Baopuzi neipian is the work of the latter part of his life, which is the most representative work that describes his ideology of the Shenxian(神仙) Daoism. From the view point of the system of Baopizi, the nei-pian was written relatively late than the wai-pian, this fact implicates the change in his ideological tendency from the Confucian school to the Shenxian Daoism. Moreover, the nei-pian explains a complete ideological system of Shenxian Daoism, but it also gives a sufficient consideration to the academic tradition of the Wei-Jin(魏晋) dynasty and the consciousness of reality participation of the Confucian school. Especially, through the view of nature's importance, nei-pian has established the Daoben-Rumo(道本儒末). Accepting the early Taoistic political theory, he organized relatively realistic and practical political discussion, but also established the concrete political structure, social institution, norm and order. Thus, he succeeded the political theory of the early Daoism, but he also strenuously insist the theory of the realistic politics, such as the monarchy and the relationship between entering government service(出仕) and hermit(隱逸).