栗谷의 太極論 硏究

Abstract

YulGok Yi I(1536∼1584) wrote “A Questions and answers for the way of Heaven(天道策)” and “A Questions and answers the change and the number(易數策)”, and this is where his Taiji theory began to be formed. He especially understood the principle of creation and operation of the whole creation in the “A Questions and answers the change and the number(易數策)”as the change and the number, and explained it by describing it as Taiji and Yin Yang(陰陽). YulGok emphasized “all penetrating Li and defining Qi(理通氣局)” and “the only one way in li resting on top of the work of qi(氣發理乘一途)” in a letter with WuGye(牛溪) SeongHon(成渾. 1535∼1598),there is no order in Taiji and Yin yang(陰陽), accordingly he said that we need to understand the principles of “having no clue in movement and quietness” and “having no beginning in Yin Yang. In ShengHakJibyo(聖學輯要), YulGok said that Shenyang(生陽) in “Taiji to move and Shenyang(太極動而生陽)” never mean “being comes from nothing(有生於無)”. And he thought that ‘YinYang’s one move, one rest(一動一靜)’ there is no such thing as a schedule for all of them, but the function of movement and quietness that's the way it is, there is no order in li(理) and qi(氣). YulGok establishes his own theory of Taiji in the argument with SaAm(思菴) Park Soon (1523-1589). The Taiji is not the qi of yin and yang, and is the function of movement and quietness of yin and yang. Here the Taiji can be interpreted as li(理). And the yin and yang has no beginning or ending, and the li(理) is always there in the movement and quietness of yin and yang, and it can never exist alone. And he understand the ideas of the Wuji(無極), endless concepts of beginning and ending. YulGok’s Taiji theory is neither li-centered(主理) nor qi-centered(主氣), it can be called a li qi monotheism. And YulGok’s Taiji theory was the basic theory that established his Li Qi theory, and later became the central theory of the GiHo school. It is his original view, and it is far different from that li-centered(主理) theory of Hoejae(晦齋) Yi Eon-jeok(1491∼1553) and the qi-centered(主氣) theory of HwaDam Seo GyengDuk(徐敬德. 1489∼1546). So it is difficult to be influenced or combined with their theory. And now, along with the Metaphysical study of the Taiji theory, it is necessary to look at how it relates to human life. The endless flow of “the rules of operation and functions of nature” is the Taiji, and all sources of life are Taiji. The Taiji theory is also the philosophy of the life of YulGok.