دوافع التلطف اللغوي دراسة دلالية مقارنة
Euphemism in Arabic
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Like all the other languages, Arabic has developed euphemistic expressions. It was manifest that speakers of Arabic depend on itheavily in every-day life speech. This study tried to look into the factors which lead to euphemistic expression in Arabic. Euphemistic expression in Arabic originated from several factors most of which are psychological and cultural; taboo, politeness-orientation, avoidance of association with such expressions unacceptable for all humans as embarrassment,offence, profanity, fear, shame, superstition, etc. The domains of meaning was the same universal non-linguisticdomains i.e. religion, sex, politics, excretion and some othersensitive social relations. In most cases it was difficult to match euphemistic expressions in Arabic with those in the the translated languages because of the problem of non-equivalence.
Abstract
Like all the other languages, Arabic has developed euphemistic expressions. It was manifest that speakers of Arabic depend on itheavily in every-day life speech. This study tried to look into the factors which lead to euphemistic expression in Arabic. Euphemistic expression in Arabic originated from several factors most of which are psychological and cultural; taboo, politeness-orientation, avoidance of association with such expressions unacceptable for all humans as embarrassment,offence, profanity, fear, shame, superstition, etc. The domains of meaning was the same universal non-linguisticdomains i.e. religion, sex, politics, excretion and some othersensitive social relations. In most cases it was difficult to match euphemistic expressions in Arabic with those in the the translated languages because of the problem of non-equivalence.
참고문헌 (33)
- 박종호, "영어와 국어의 완곡어, 비곡어 표현", 사회과학연구, 6 (1999)
- Khanfar, Adil Malik, "Euphemism in Arabic : Typology and Formation" (2012)
- Alkire, Scott, "Introducing Euphemisms to Language Learners", The Internet TESL Journal, pp.1~7 (2002)
- Allen, K, "Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon" (1991)
- Beckman, J, "Translating the Word of God" (1974), Zondervn
- Bolinger, D, "Aspects of Language" (1981), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc
- Brown, p., "Politeness. Some Universals in Language Usage" (1987), CUP
- Durrel, L, "'Preface' to Lady Chatterly's Lover" (1968), Bontam Books
- Formkin, Victoria, "An Introduction to Language. 5th ed" (1993), Holt, Richart and Winston
- Gramley, Stephan, "A Survey of Modern English" (1992), Routledge
- Halliday, M. A. K, "New Horizons in Linguistics", pp.162~171 (1970), Penguin
- Hasselgard, Hilde, "Glossary of Grammatical Terms Used in English Grammar:Theory and Use" (1999), Routledge
- Henry ,F. B., "“Euphemisms hide hospital reality” Canada's Largest Religious Weekly", Western Catholic Reporter, ~ (1999)
- Laszka, J. J, "Euphemism as Transvaluation", Language and Style, 23(4), pp.409~424 (1990)
- Leech, G, "Semantics" (1974), Penguin Books Ltd
- Lutz, William, "Language Awerness (7th ed)", pp.187~198 (1997), St.Martin's Press
- Lyons, J, "Language and Linguistics" (1981), CUP
- Murphy, Cullen, "The E. Word", The Atlantic Monthly, 228(3), pp.16~18 (2000)
- OUP, "Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language and Power" (2002), OUP
- "Techniques of the Time-Techniques of Liberal Journalism: Euphemism" (2003)[URL]
- Pyles, Thomas, "English: An Introduction to Language" (1968), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc
- "The Origins and Development of the English Language (3rd ed)" (1982), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc
- Rawson, H., "A Dictionary of Euphemisms and other Doublestalk" (1981), Crown Publishers, Inc
- Sampson, Geoffrey, "Principles of Pragmatics" (2001), Longman
- Sells M., "The Euphemism", Dep. Of Religion Haverford College, Msells @ haveford, ed, ~ (1996)
- Stubbs, Michael, "Words and Phrases: Corpus Studies of Lexical Semantics" (2002), Blackwell Publishing
- Swan, Michael, "2nd edition. Practical English Usage" (2005), OUP
- Troike, Saville M., "The Ethnography of Communication" (1982), Basil Blackwell Ltd
- Warren, B, "What Euphemism Tells us about the Interpretation of Words", Studia Linguistica, 46(2), pp.172~ (1992)
- Widdowson, H. G., "Aspects of Language Teaching" (1990), OUP
- "Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" (2006)[URL]
- "Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" (2006)[URL]