고려전기 해무리굽[옥벽저계] 碗의 지속현상에 대한 추론 ―동아시아 북방도자와의 관련성을 중심으로―

Abstract

This paper is to deduce the reason why chinese styled, Yübi-di styled bowls, were excavated in kilns of the early Goryeo Dynasty. So far, it has been studied upon the relations with the ceramic industry in the southern as well as the northern China in the matter of the link with the production of early Korean ceramics. In particular, there is the strong evidence that new techniques were introduced for producing porcelains that was revealed through the period when they were produced in the Korean Peninsula at first, the thing that white porcelains, in different condition, were seen at the same time as well as presentation of Yübi-di styled bowls in Korea, which had been disappeared in the southern China. The period that Yübi-di styled bowls in BangSang-dong kiln and Suh-ri kiln where white porcelains as well as celadons were made were presented is similar with that of introduction of white porcelains in Korea. The reason is to be found at this study upon the relations with the ceramic industry of Liao Dynasty such as Chi-feng Gang-wa -Yao and Lin-Dong Yao. That is to say, when Liao Dynasty was dominated in the northern China and white porcelains were mainly used and produced, the northern styled white porcelains in Liao Dynasty was mostly presented with the techniques of Xing-Yao style, strongly influenced by Ding-Yao and Yübi-di style. Since 939 when Goryeo and Liao Dynasty had been closely connected, the representation upon the tradition of Yübi-di styled bowls had been likely due to link the previous Yuè Yao styled porcelains and the white porcelains or the northern ceramists. It has been known that since the request for sending reinforcements by Liao Dyansty in 1029 was refused by Goryeo Dynasty, the trade had been isolated. Therefore, Yübi-di styled bowls adopted from the northern China in the late 10th and the early 11th centuries had changed in its own ways. In short, It has been shown that the original forms and styles were kept well in Korean more than China which had had many changes since then. That is to say, Yübi-di styled bowls has kept its tradition only in Korea of the North East Asia in spite of the differences upon its size and proportion, which was disappeared in China and was yet vividly produced in Yo dynasty. Therefore, it is shown that Yübi-di styled bowls had been popular for a while. Yübi-di styled bowls white porcelains and celadons were excavated in Hye Eum Won with the traditional Gang Jin and Bu-An styled celadons in the early 12th century. Furthermore, they were discovered as well in the kiln in Moo Nae-ri in An Yang where local porcelains were produced in the middle Goryeo Dynasy. In addition, Yübi-di styled bowls in Gwang Xi and An Hui besides white porcelains in the northern China had been likely to be produced even in Sung Dynasty.