전근대 ‘환한국해’ 권역에서 한반도 중심의 해상 네트워크

Abstract

This study focuses on the diplomacy and interaction in the Circum-Korea sea, that is,the Circum-Three Kingdoms sea, the Circum-Goryeo sea, and the Circum-Joseon sea according to the period. Further, this study examines the historical status of the sea through the term Circum-Koreasea. In the Three Kingdoms period, Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla strove to secure and utilize sea routes for the survival and the respective futures of these countries. People inSilla and Balhae secured trade hegemony in the Circum-Three Kingdomsseathrough excellent ships and trading power. As a maritime power,Goryeo established diplomatic relations with Song China, Yo, the Jurchens, Seoha, and Japan. Also, Goryeomade a strong appearance as a maritime power in the resistance against the Mongol invasion and the Mongols’ expeditions to Japan. In particular, Goryeo people defeated Japanese pirates with naval weapons. Therefore, Goryeo led East Asian diplomacy and battles in the center of the Circum-Goryeosea. The early Joseon government inherited Goryeo’s confidence. This resulted in military success against Tsushima in 1419, which showed that no maritime power had become active in the Circum-Joseonsea. Further, the turtle ships of Admiral Yi Sun-sin and the excellent naval strategies in the Japanese invasion of Joseon in 1592 followed upon those of Goryeo. The naval victories in 1592 checked Japanese ambition in the Circum-Joseonsea. The maritime power of Joseon in the Circum-Joseonsea weakened gradually. This was due to the preference forland routes over sea routes for trade. As the peace after the Japanese invasion continued, the theory about the uselessness of naval forces also appeared during the reign of King Sukjong. On the other hand, Jeong Yak-jeon’s Jasaneobowas printed in the field of fishing. According to this text, Korean fishermen operated in the Circum-Joseonsea. Meanwhile, fishing industries rapidly developed in each country in East Asia. However, Japan, which succeeded in modernization, made the Circum-Joseonsea the arena of the struggle among world powers in the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War.