일제 식민지기 주조장의 집약 정책과주조업자의 조직화 -조선주조협회 설립에 이르기까지 -

Abstract

This paper examined the development of the brewing industry in the earlier period of the establishment of the brewers’ union in the Japanese Colonial Era. In particular, it focused on the circumstances where the union was started from the time when the Liquor Act and Liquor Tax order were made until 1929 when the Joseon Brewing Association was organized. While organizing a trade union was a widely shared social perception as the trend of the time, the brewers also took advantage of the trend and promoted the organization of the union quickly for the development of the brewing industry. The Colonial Joseon Government General’s brewery integration policy served as a trigger to accelerate such movement. In this circumstance, it was found that the brewers were seeking cooperation among themselves as a form of ‘guild’ to promote their own business interests, while meeting the policy of the Government General. It shows that the brewers’ response toward the government’s administrative policy and the growth of modern brewing industry. Nevertheless, the newly-established union faced a lot of difficulties as it was of a temporary and arbitrary nature, with no mandatory rules to support its function. In this situation, some brewers complained about the poor operational system of the union or others were even hesitating to join the union. This phenomenon coincided with the context of distrust and complaints of the brewers about the Government General’s policy which intended to integrate the small breweries and encouraged to establish the brewers’ union. By taking a strong action toward the conflict against the brewers, the Government General used the union system and coerced the brewers to integrate the breweries of Joseon’s liquor. The fact that the policy of the Government General encouraged the establishment of brewing union, but did not provide any legal basis to support the union indicated a discriminatory and contradictory attitude of the government.