조선총독부의 자가용주 통제와 밀조주의 문제화 과정

Abstract

This study attempted to review the Japanese Government-General of Korea’s home-brewed wine control policies and illicitly brewed liquor enforcement patterns by raising a fundamental question about the meaning of such illicitly brewed liquor during the Japanese colonial period. In the Joseon era, wine was primarily home-brewed and domestically consumed. Under such circumstances, home-brewing patterns and practices were routinized in different regions and methods. However, the liquor tax system adopted along with Japanese colonial rule brought a considerable change in Korean traditional home-brewing culture. According to Liquor Tax Act (No.3) promulgated in 1909, ‘Licensing and Reporting Systems for Liquor Manufacturing’ was implemented. After the Japan-Korea annexation, the Liquor Tax Order (No.2) was enacted in 1916 and amended since then, enhancing control on home-brewed wine. In other words, wine which had been recognized as one of traditional foods was targeted under a modern regulatory system and started to be treated as a part of personal preferences. In this sense, the problematization process of illicitly brewed liquor during the colonial period was the point triggering a conflict after the intervention of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, which implies the emergence of a new paradigm with the implementation of liquor tax administration on Korean traditional drinking culture. However, the Japanese Government-General of Korea could not help but encounter a huge limitation in illicitly brewed liquor enforcement. Such traditional home-brewing practices did not disappear easily, and Japanese government faced a large burden to keep providing related personnel and financial resources. Under such situations, the Japanese Government-General of Korea implemented diverse measures to enlighten the general public to dilute the legal compulsion of illicitly brewed liquor enforcement by reducing penalties because they could be a good solution to solve enforcement difficulties by putting emphasis on people’s voluntary awakening of illicitly brewed liquor. Considering the fact that it was hard to find such illegality due to a meticulous manufacturing method, in addition, it was urgent to make the public recognize the problem of illicitly brewed liquor. Therefore, there were diverse activities which brought their voluntary participation and awareness. However, the issue of illicitly brewed liquor continued to be raised, and conflicts between the extremely realistic positions of the colonial masses were repeated.