長鬐 유배기 茶山 시의 성격

Abstract

Dasan’s banishment period in Jang-gi was relatively short, being less than one year. So it is not proper to study his whole life or literature with this period alone. However, this period has an important meaning as a turning point, when his active and progressive life had been discouraged and forcibly turned into stationary and gloomy life. In literary aspect as well, the poems of this period shows important change in throughout his whole life. The poems before the period sing prospering life or vitality of progressive academics, whereas poems of this period mainly sing frustration, retrospect of beloved king, or recognition and observation of problematic reality. Dasan started writing poems as the exile period began, and he continuously wrote poems as he arrived in Jang-gi, his banishment region, as he settled in Jang-gi, as he spent tedious days after settlement, and even as he was leaving Jang-gi. Those poems depicts scenery delicately according to his observation, or exhibits sufferings and frustrations he is facing, or shows his longing for precious relationship with the former king, or expresses sympathy with farmers and fishmen’s harsh life. Through the poems of this period, Dasan’s poems gain realistic inspiration. If the previous poems were comparatively ideational lyric poems, beginning from this period, the poems enter the lyrical world of reality through practical facts and objects. Though ideational statements still appear in the poems of this period, it could gain reality because before this statement were realistic description of barley threshing. Dasan observed and described people's sufferings and uncertainties of life in this period. According to his poems, authorities were greedy and systems were lacking. People were facing poverty and persecutions in this situation even though they tried to live diligently. Dasan’s poems of this period tend to recognize and observe the problems of the reality, but compared to poems of other period, aggressive anger does not seem to appear and it tend to stay silent. It should be considered when reading that this period was the sudden suffering period for Dasan, and that for him, even matter of life and death was uncertain. Dasan’s poems of banishment in Jang-gi should be examined seriously in history of Korean Literature. Not only it is personally important for Dasan’s poems as a turning point, but also Dasan’s poems of this period give huge influence to the earliest moves of realism poems of 19 century. More importantly, poems of Dasan, who experienced life of the highest policy maker’s to the lowest farmers and fishmen’s, have much more realistic values than other realism poems.