함북 육진방언의 '-어/-아' 교체 양상과 중립모음의 성격

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to explore ‘-ə/-a’ alternation and the characteristics of neutral vowel of yukjin dialects which is used in Hamkyeongbuk-do yukjin. I pointed at five characteristics in this dialect as follows: (1) Vowels are classified into three categories. category A: æ, a, o [the verb final vowels corresponding with ending ‘-a’] category B: i, e, ə [the verb final vowels corresponding with ending ‘-ə’] category C: ɨ, u, (i) [the vowels functioning as neutral vowel in particular position] (2) ‘ɨ, u, i’ are neutral vowels, and these high vowels constitute a phonemic category in vowel system. (3) The characteristics of verb stem vowel ‘ɨ, u, i’ according to thier positions: verbal vowel number of syllables positions ɨ u i one-syllable word word final B B B two-syllable word word final neutral B(closed syllable) neutral, B(closed syllable) B word initial B B B three-syllable word word final × neutral, A, B B word middle neutral neutral neutral word initial B B B (4) The neutral vowel ‘ɨ, u’ are moving to category B and losing their neutral functions, and this change begins at closed two-syllable verb stem and three-syllable ‘u’ final verb stem. According to the fact that the rest positions conforms to category B and ‘i’ vowel functions as neutral only in word middle position, we can confirm their functions to category B more than those of ‘ɨ, u’. (5) The verb stems originated from ‘’ always corresponds with ending ‘-a’ in two syllables. Comparing to the general alternation of ‘-ə/a’, this alternation shows special characteristic of yukjin dialects.