참여적 작업관행과 비공식학습의 상호작용효과
The Interaction Effect of High Involvement Work Practices and Informal Learning
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초록
참여적 작업관행은 세계화와 급격한 기술의 발전 등으로 특징지어지는 변화의 시대에서 인적자원들을 유기적인 하나의 시스템으로 연결시켜 조직의 성과에 기여하고 기업의 경쟁력을 제고시키는 방안으로 채택되어 왔다. 이러한 참여적 작업관행이 조직성과에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 메카니즘 상에서 교육훈련의 방법 중 하나인 비공식학습이 그 관계를 강화 시킨다는 점에 초점을 두어 비공식학습의 조절효과를 검증하고자 한다. 한국직업능력개발원의 「인적자본 기업패널조사(2005년)」 자료를 활용하여 분석하였고, 분석 대상은 제조업이며 분석수준은 사업장 수준이다. 참여적 작업관행은 과업통합, 참가, 자율로 구성하고 조직성과는 근로자 만족도와 지각된 성과로 구성하였다. 비공식학습의 경우는 현장에서 쌍방향 형태의 학습자 주도로 교육훈련이 이루어지는 선후배간의 지도, 일에서 배우는 것, 멘토, OJT로 측정하였다. 분석 결과 비공식학습은 참여적 작업관행이 조직성과에 미치는 긍정적인 영향을 강화시킨다는 가설을 일부 지지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때에, 복잡하고 동태적인 작업 환경에서 비공식 학습은 근로자들이 그들의 역량을 효율적으로 발휘시키고 기업의 경쟁력을 향상시키는데 효과적인 교육훈련 방법이라고 할 수 있다.
Abstract
As corporations have faced rapid environment changes such as globalization, technological development, high involvement work practices have been adopted considered they have contributions to corporate's performance and strengthen the competitiveness by effecting as a bundle of HR system. High involvement work systems encourage to improve process and solve work-related problem in the workplace through motivating human resources which are a source of competitiveness advantage. This makes sure to emphasize necessity of skill improvement in the workplace. In comparison with formal education, informal learning facilitates the complex process and emergent work to resolve and to refine. Recognizing these problem we focus and test on interaction effect of informal learning which moderates the relationship between high involvement work systems and performance. The empirical work in this study is based on data from the human capital corporate panel survey conducted in 2005. High involvement work practices are comprised of task integration, opportunity to participate, and autonomy in work task of workers and organizational performances consist of employee satisfaction and perceived performance. Informal learning means a training self-directed, experienced and interrelated by learners in the workplace and we measured it as learning of others(colleagues), learning from work, mentoring and coaching, and OJT(on the job training). The conclusion partially supported by the evidence is that informal learning moderates the relationship between high involvement work practices and firm's performance. And our analyses suggest informal learning in environments that have more complex and dynamic workplace makes employees to improve their skills and knowledge in turn, enhance competency.
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