흰개미 가해 목조건축물의 급속 방제를 위한 분말형 약제(Termite Dust) 평가 기준 연구
Study on the Evaluation Criteria of Termite Dust for Rapid Control of Wooden Structures Damaged by Termites
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초록
국내에서는 목조건축물의 흰개미 방제를 위하여 여러 방제 방안이 적용되고 있다. 하지만목부재를 내부를 가해하고 있는 개체에게 빠르게 독성 물질을 접촉시킬 방법이 없어 방제 기간장기화에 따른 목조건축물의 손상을 지켜볼 수밖에 없는 실정이다. 이에 목부재에 직접적인천공을 실시하여 내부 개체에게 직접적으로 독성물질을 접촉⋅전이시켜 빠른 방제 효과를 일으키는 분말형 약제의 국내 도입을 위한 실내 평가 기준 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 국내 서식 흰개미에 대한 방의 효력의 평가 기준 설정을 위하여 접촉 독성, 전이력 평가를 실시하였다. 접촉독성 평가 결과 3종의 약제 모두 접촉 후 24시간 이내 100% 사멸이 확인되었으나, 아치사 단계로의 전이 시간에는 차이가 발생하였다. 또한 전이력 평가 결과, 1:9, 1:25 비율 조건에서는 사멸율이 점차 감소하였으나, 약제의 종류에 따라 감소율의 차이가 확인되었다. 이와 더불어 약제분사 시 목부재 천공의 압축강도 변화 평가를 실시한 결과, 대조군 및 1∼3회 천공 조건 간측정값의 차이가 5% 이내로 나타나 목재의 압축 강도에는 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 분말형 약제의 선정 기준 및 평가 방안과 처리법의 안정성을 평가하여향후 국내 목조건출물의 흰개미 급속 방제를 위한 해당 방안의 적용 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다.
Abstract
In Korea, various methods are applied to prevent wooden structures from being damagedby termites. However, since there is no way to quickly bring toxic substances in contact with the termitesinside the timber, it leads to the damage of wooden cultural property due to the prolonged period ofcontrolling the termites. Accordingly, an indoor evaluation criteria study was conducted for theintroduction of powder-type termiticides in Korea, which produced rapid control effects by drilling woodand directly contacting and transferring toxic substances inside the timber. First, contact toxicity andtransfer ability of termite dusts were evaluated to establish the criteria for evaluation of effectivenessagainst Reticulitermes speratus. The contact toxicity confirmed 100% mortality of fipronil, deltamethrinand cyfluthrin termite dusts within 24 h of contact; however, differences occurred in the active ingredienttransfer time to the sublethal. In addition, in the case of transfer ability evaluation, the rate of mortalitygradually decreased under 1:9 and 1:25 ratio conditions; however, the difference in the reduction ratewas identified depending on the type of termite dust. the results of the evaluation of compressivestrength of the wood showed that the difference in the measured values between the control groupand the conditions of perforation 1 to 3 times, which does not significantly affect the compressivestrength of wood. In this study, the criteria of termite dust selection and evaluation method of dust-typetermiticides were presented and the applicability of the method was identified.
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