종묘 정전 반자에 사용된 도배지와 청능화지의 재질 특성 분석
Analysis of Material Properties of Wallpaper and Blue-dyed Paper Used for Banja Ceiling at Main Hall of Jongmyo Shrine
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초록
본 연구에서는 종묘 정전 제4실, 제13실, 제15실, 제17실에 해당되는 위치에서 반자를덮고 있는 도배지를 수습하여 지질, 염료 등의 과학적 분석을 수행하였다. 총 24점의 시료를대상으로 섬유 식별 분석, 평량, 두께 등 기초 물성 분석을 실시하였다. 수습된 시편 중 9점의청염색지가 발견되었고, 자외-가시광(UV-Vis) 분광분석과 가스크로마토그래피(GC) 분석 등을통해 염색에 사용된 청색 발원물질을 분석하고자 하였다. 층위 분리 과정에서 연화문, 만자문의청능화지를 확보하였으며, 24점의 시료 분석 결과 종묘 정전 반자를 구성하는 도배지는 닥나무인피섬유로 이루어진 것을 확인하였다. 또한 기초 물성 분석을 수행하여 평균한 결과 평량은65.4 g/m2(StDev 22.1), 두께는 0.1523 mm(StDev 0.0447), 밀도는 0.4428 g/cm3(StDev 0.1358)로확인되었다. 청염색지를 대상으로 UV-Vis과 GC를 활용한 청색 발원 물질 분석 결과 ‘naturalindigo’를 지시하는 성분이 공통적으로 검출되어, 조선 왕실에서 궁궐도배를 위한 청능화지 염색에 사용된 염료는 쪽으로 판단하였다.
Abstract
In this study, we collected wallpaper covering the Banja ceiling in chambers 4, 13, 15,and 17 at Jeongjeon Hall of Jongmyo Shrine, and conducted a scientific analysis of the paper materialand dye. We carried out fiber identification and physical property analysis such as basis weight,thickness and density for a total of 24 specimens. As finding nine pieces of them were blue-dyedpapers, we attempted to analyze the blue substances used as the stain through ultraviolet-visiblelight(UV-Vis) spectroscopy and gas chromatography(GC). During the layer separation process, wediscovered a lotus flower pattern and a swatika pattern were on blue-dyed papers. As the result ofanalysis, it was confirmed that the fiber of 24 wallpapers was made of bast fiber. And result of basicphysical property analysis and averaging, the basis weight was 65.4 g/m2(StDev22.1), the thicknesswas 0.1523 mm(StDev0.0447), and the density was 0.4428 g/cm3(StDev 0.1358) confirmed. As a resultof analyzing blue dye using UV-Vis and GC on blue-dyed paper, components indicating ‘naturalindigo’ were commonly detected. So It was determined that ‘Jjok(natural indigo)’ used to dye theblue-dyed paper used for papered royal palace in the Joseon Dynasty period.
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