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휴대용 분석법을 활용한 청동 조형물의 부식 특성 및 보존상태 진단

Diagnosis of Corrosion Characteristics and Conservation Status of Bronze Sculptures Using Portable Analysis Methods

신정아|김이연|권희홍
한국문화재보존과학회 (The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Properties)|2024.12|보존과학회지 (Journal of Conservation Science)|제40권 제4호|pp. 634-644|DOI 10.12654/JCS.2024.40.4.22

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참고문헌

키워드

근현대비파괴 조사야외 청동 조형물Conservation Status Diagnosis휴대용 분석보존상태 진단Portable AnalysisHandheld AnalysisNon-destructive InvestigationModern and ContemporaryOutdoor Bronze Sculpture
주제분류자연과학일반

초록

본 연구는 야외 청동 조형물인 김창희 “6.25. 실향가족”의 보존 상태를 휴대용 분석법을 통해 체계적으로 진단⋅평가하고, 향후 보존 및 복원 방향을 제시하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 연구에서는 광학 및 색도, 휴대용 Raman, XRF 분석, 초음파 탐상 등의 다양한 방법을 통해 청동 조형물의 표면 파티나, 부식생성물, 내부 결함 및 코팅 재료의 특성을 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 파티나 표면은 밝은 녹색과 어두운 녹색 줄무늬가 형성되었으며, 휴대용 Raman 분석에서는 산화구리(cuprite) 및 염기성 황산구리 부식생성물의 특성 피크가 확인되었고, 요철 부분에서는 염화구리 부식생성물인 atacamite가 발견되었다. 휴대용 XRF 분석을 통해 Cu, Zn, Sn의 조성이 증가하고 Pb는 감소한 것을 확인하였으며, 이는 부식 과정에서 이들 원소가 선택적으로 용해, 농축되는 현상을 시사한다. 초음파 탐상을 통해 용접부 주변의 내부 결함이 확인되었으나, 결함 특성의 구체적인 파악에는 한계가 있었다. 본 연구는 야외 청동 조형물의 보존⋅진단을 위한 기초 정보를 제공하며, 유사한 근현대 문화유산 및 미술품의 보존⋅복원에 있어 중요한 지침으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Using portable analytical methods, this study aims to systematically diagnose and evaluate the conservation state of the outdoor bronze sculpture “The Displaced Family of 6.25.” by the artist Changhee Kim. It then proposes directions for future conservation and restoration. The surface patina, corrosion products, internal defects, and coating materials of the bronze sculpture were characterized using optical and chromaticity techniques, portable Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, and ultrasonic methods. The optical analysis revealed bright green and dark green streaks on the patina surface. The portable Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of cuprite and basic copper-sulfate corrosion products in the green streaks and the copper-chloride corrosion product atacamite in uneven areas. The portable XRF analysis indicated an increase in the concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Sn, accompanied by a decrease in Pb, suggesting selective dissolution and concentration of these elements during the corrosion process. Ultrasonic testing unveiled internal defects near the welds but could not precisely identify the nature of these defects. This study provides basic information for the conservation and diagnosis of outdoor bronze sculptures and can guide the conservation and restoration of similar modern and contemporary cultural heritage and artworks.

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