초음파를 활용한 목조건축부재 열화 진단 연구
Study on the Diagnosis of Deteriorated Wooden Architectural Members Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
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초록
본 연구는 열화로 인해 교체된 목조건축문화유산 부재를 대상으로 초음파 전달 속도 분석을 실시하여 해당 비파괴 진단 방법의 열화 평가 적용성을 연구하고자 하였다. 분석 대상은 문화유산 해체 보수 공사 시 열화로 인해 교체된 소나무 부재이며, 부재를 구획하여 정면과 측면 방향으로 초음파 전달 속도를 측정하였다. 동일 위치에 드릴저항분석을 실시해 초음파 분석 결괏값과 비교 검토한 후 분석 대상의 단면과 유사한 연륜 형태 및 균열을 가진 동일 수종의 대조군을 제작하여 동일한 방법으로 분석을 실시하였다. 부재의 측정 단면을 절단한 후 확인된 열화 양상과 분석 결과를 비교하여 열화에 따른 결괏값을 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 초음파 전달 속도값은 측정 방향, 부후 및 균열의 정도, 옹이 등의 특징에 따라 달라진다는 것이 확인되었다. 측정 방향이 방사방향에 가까울수록 높은 전달 속도를 보였으며 균열이 존재하거나 부후가 많이 발생한 부분에서는 상대적으로 건전한 부분보다 전달 속도값이 낮게 관찰되었다. 동일한 부재에서 수에 가까운 지점을 측정할수록 더 높은 전달 결괏값이 나타났으며, 연륜 폭이 좁을수록 더 높은 전달 속도값을 보였다. 옹이가 있는 부분의 경우 존재하지 않는 부분보다 더 낮은 전달 속도값을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This study investigated the applicability of non-destructive diagnostic methods for evaluating the deterioration of wooden architectural cultural heritage components by analyzing the ultrasonic transmission velocity of wooden members replaced because of degradation. A pinewood component replaced, owing to deterioration, during the dismantling and restoration of cultural heritage structures was the subject of analysis. The ultrasonic transmission velocity was measured in the front and side directions of the disassembled members, whereas resistograph tests were conducted at the same locations to verify the ultrasonic analysis results’ reliability. A control group consisting of the same wood species with a similar grain pattern and crack s as the cross-section of the disassembled member was prepared. Additionally, both ultrasonic and resistograph analyses were performed using the same methods. Subsequently, the cross-section of the member was cut to compare the deterioration patterns with the analysis results. The results indicated that the ultrasonic transmission velocity varied depending on factors such as the measurement direction, the extent of decay and cracks, and thepresence of knots. The velocity was higher when measured in the radial direction than in the tangential direction. However, it was lower in areas with considerable decay or cracks than in sound regions. Within the same member, measurements closer to the pith, higher velocity values, and narrower growth rings were associated with higher transmission velocities. We also confirmed that areas with knots exhibited lower transmission velocities than knot-free areas.
참고문헌 (13)
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