1950년대 후반 면제품 수출을 둘러싼 한미 갈등

Abstract

This Study reconstructs U.S.-Korea negotiations over re-exports of aid-financed cotton in the 1950's. The Korean government and the cotton industry tried to expand cotton textile exports for macroeconomic needs of external balance and to escape from domestic slump of the industry. However, they confronted the issue of the possibility of re-exports of aid-financed commodities. U.S.-Korea negotiations over the subject, which lasted for two and a half years, impeded the growth of cotton textile exports. Using U.S. governement documents in the National Archives, this study makes clear detailed negotiation process and government positions, compared to previous studies which relied solely on the records of the Spinning and Weavers' Association. The controversy over the so-called reversal of U.S. position was generated by slow responses of Washington agencies and mis-communication between Washington and Seoul. Once the basic opposition to textile exports made of aid-finaced cotton was drawn in consideration both of the aid policy to Korea and general trade policy, the U.S. government never changed never changed its position. However, the procedure to draw the conclusion took too long time, due to inter-governmental discussions, which caused misunderstanding between the two governments. When the Korean government requested unconditional permits to exports which had been contracted in the meantime, the U.S. side introduced the cotton replacement rule, which was soon adopted to apply to exports afterwards. Although U.S. agencies in Korea were sympathetic with the Korean side, they failed to make substantial compromises.