해방 이후 한국 면방직산업의 수출체제 형성

Abstract

This study investigates into the formation of exports in cotton textile industry in Korea after the liberalization in 1945. The findings are as follows. First, an export-led development started to proceed spontaneously in some industries in the 1950s. The establishment of a spontaneous export-led development is attributed to the excess production of cotton textile beyond the size of domestic market. Due to economic aid, especially, the excessive expansion of production capacity happened significantly in such an industry, rather to meet the aid countries’ need than to enhance domestic industrial association. Second, the export-led growth in Korea was established not only by unilateral governmental drive, but through interactions between the government and private sectors. It has been emphasized that the export-led growth of Korea was due to governmental planning and strong enforcement. However, it should be also noted that exports established for realistic business interests, the government responded with relevant policies, and then firms used them to promote further. Finally, this study confirms dynamics of Korean economy in the 1950’s which has been called ‘era of sterility’. The decade was not merely a period preceding the growth miracle in the 1960’s, but an era in which Korean economy took a substantial step toward economic growth while tiding over limits of aid-receiving economy in the ruins of the Korean war.