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중국 고전의 지도자상을 통해 본 거래적 리더십과 조직성과간의 관계 연구

A Study on the Relationship between Transactional Leadership and Organizational Performance through the Leaders in Chinese Classics

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

본 논문은 중국에서 그 동안 연구가 소홀히 되어왔던 거래적 리더십과 중국 고전에서 나타나는 지도자상과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 그리고 거래적 리더십이 구성원의 심리적 임파워먼트, 조직몰입, 조직시민행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 다차원적으로 살펴보고, 심리적 임파워먼트의 하위요인들의 매개 효과는 어떤지를 분석하여 기업의 인적자원 관리와 경영 효율 증대를 위한 실천 방안을 모색하였다. 분석결과를 보면, 상황적 보상과 예외에 의한 관리는 임파워먼트와 조직몰입의 모든 요인에 유의한 설명변수로 나타났다. 그리고 상황적 보상은 이타성을 제외한 조직시민행동의 나머지 요인에, 예외에 의한 관리는 조직시민행동의 모든 요인에 유의한 설명변수로 나타났다. 또한 임파워먼트의 모든 하위요인들은 조직시민행동의 모든 하위요인들에 정의 영향력을 미쳤고, 의미성은 감정적 및 지속적 몰입에, 역할수행능력과 자기결정력은 감정적 몰입에 영향을 미쳤다. 거래적 리더십과 조직몰입 및 조직시민행동 간의 인과관계에 있어 임파워먼트의 매개역할에 대한 검증결과에서, 임파워먼트의 모든 요인들은 거래적 리더십과 감정적 몰입간의 관계에서, 의미성은 거래적 리더십과 지속적 몰입간의 관계에서 부분매개 효과를 보여주었다. 이어서 임파워먼트의 모든 요인들은 예외에 의한 관리와 조직시민행동의 모든 하위요인들 간의 관계에서, 상황적 보상과 이타성을 제외한 조직시민행동의 하위요인들 간의 관계에서 부분매개 또는 완전매개 효과를 보여주었다. 끝으로 본 연구결과의 시사점과 연구의 한계가 제시되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among transactional leadership, psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior as well as to test the moderating effects of the psychological empowerment in China. The ‘contingent reward’ and ‘management by exception’ of transactional leadership are significantly related to all factors of empowerment as well as affective commitment and continuance commitment. The ‘contingent reward’ is related to ‘conscientiousness’, ‘sportsmanship’, ‘courtesy’ and ‘civic virtue’ factor of organizational citizenship behavior, ‘management by exception’ is significantly related to all factors of organizational citizenship behavior. All sub-factors of empowerment exhibit relationships with affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, ‘meaning’ of empowerment plays a significant role in the formation of continuance commitment. And all sub-factors of empowerment reveals a partial mediation effect in the relationships between each dimension of transactional leadership and affective commitment, ‘meaning’ of empowerment reveals a partial mediation effect in the relationships between each dimension of transactional leadership and continuance commitment. It is also revealed that all sub-factors of empowerment exhibit complete or partial mediation effect in the relationships between ‘management by exception’ and all sub-factors of organizational citizenship behavior, and all sub-factors of empowerment exhibit complete or partial mediation effect in the relationships between ‘contingent reward’ and all sub-factors of organizational citizenship behavior but ‘altruism’. At the end of this article, implications and future research directions are also discussed.

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