전전기 일본 노사관계의 전개와 노동위원회의 형성 및 발전

Abstract

This paper analyzed the organization and operation of labor relations commissions and made the process in which Japanese labor-management relations were changed from the 1920s to the 1930s clear. Most of existing studies are focusing on specific cases. Labor relations commissions increased by the government polices and collective bargaining right acquisition movements of labor unions in the beginning of the 1920s. Labor relations commissions were established focusing on Kansai area, state-operated businesses and large-scale firms. Though labor relations commissions were usually advisory organs, working conditions like a salary were also included in conference matters. There was also a movement of the enactment to establish labor relations commissions. However that became a scrapped bill by the opposite of proprietors and the laborers. Even if the utility of labor relations commission was admitted partially in the 1920s, labor relations commission was the antipode of a labor union. On the contrary to this, in the 1930s, because Labor Union Act could not come into existence and labor movement in general turned to the right, the value of labor relations commissions was reconsidered by labor and management both sides. From 1930's, labor relations commissions were installed focusing on big cities and private enterprises. To conclude, even if a labor relations commission had the strong character of the antipode of a labor union in the 1920s, it played an important role of cooperative labor-management relation in the 1930s.