본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

학교폭력에 대한 낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과

Optimistic Bias and Third-Person Effect about School Violence

1

조회

0

다운로드

23

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류신문방송학

초록

낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과는 모두 지각적 편향을 설명하는 비슷한 개념이지만 지금까지는 서로 다른 학문 영역에서 개별적으로 연구되어 왔다. 본 논문은 학교 폭력에 대해 낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과를 접목한 연구이다. 남녀 고등학생 428명을 대상으로 설문 조사한 결과 낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과가 나타나고 있음을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한 낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과는 모두 심리적 거리에 따라 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 제3자 효과의 크기는 심리적 거리와 비례하지만 낙관적 편견의 크기는 비례하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 자아 존중감이 낙관적 편견과는 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 제3자 효과와는 유의미한 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 학교 폭력에 대한 낙관적 편견과 제3자 효과는 상호 관련성이 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Abstract

The optimistic bias and the third-person effect are similar concepts concerned with people's perceptual bias. But these two concepts have been studied separately in different fields so far. The current research is about the relationship between these two concepts. Opinion survey of 428 high school students revealed the optimistic bias and the third-person effect. These two perceptual biases showed statistically significant relationships respectively with the psychological distance. The third-person effect was proportional to psychological distance, but the optimistic bias was not proportional to psychological distance. In the meantime, the self-esteem was proportional to the optimistic bias whereas the third-person effect did not show statistically significant relationship with the self-esteem. Lastly, the optimistic bias and the third-person effect regarding school violence did not show any relationship with each other.

참고문헌 (68)

  1. 권오명, "학교폭력의 원인과 대책에 관한 소고", 법학연구, (18), pp.257~279 (2005), 한국법학회
  2. 김봉철, "에이즈 예방 캠페인과 낙관적 편견 : 자아 존중감과 자신에 대한 통제감을 중심으로", 17(2), pp.43~58 (2006)
  3. 박정순원우현김정탁, "다원적 무지현상과 제3자 효과에 대한 논의 남북문제에 대한 대학생들의 태도와 여론인식의 사례연구", (22), pp.5~28 (1987)
  4. 양승찬, "제3자 효과 가설과 침묵의 나선이론의 연계성 : 여론조사 보도에 대한 제3자 효과 지각과 공개적 의견표명과의 관계를 중심으로", 43(2), pp.109~141 (1998)
  5. 유평수, "중학생 학교폭력 예방 프로그램의 효과 분석", 12(2), pp.51~76 (2005)
  6. 최운선, "학교폭력 관련변인에 관한 메타분석", 10(2), pp.95~111 (2005)
  7. "Global self-evaluation as determined by the desirability and controllability of trait adjectives Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.1621~1630 (1985)
  8. American Cancer Society, "A study of motivational and environmental deterrents to the lacking of physical examinations that include cancer tests Available on loan from Medical Library" (1966)
  9. Arnett, J, "Optimistic bias in adolescent and adult smokers", 25(4), pp.625~632 (2000)
  10. Baker, F, "Risk perception and cigar smoking behavior", 25(2), pp.106~114 (2001)
  11. Baughman,J.L, "The world is ruled by those who holler the loudest:The third-person effect in American journalism history", 16(12), pp.12~19 (1989)
  12. Bauman, "Misperception among gay men of the risk for AIDS associated with their sexual behavior Journal of Applied Social Psychology", pp.329~350 (1987)
  13. Cantril,II, "The prediction of social events", 33, pp.364~389 (1938)
  14. Chapin, J, "Third-person perception and optimistic bias among urban minority at-risk youth", 27(1), pp.51~81 (2000)
  15. Chapin, J, "Adolescent sex and the mass media:A developmental approach", 35(140), pp.799~811 (2000)
  16. Chapin, J, "Optimistic bias regarding campus violence", 6(1), pp.1~11 (2001)
  17. Clarke, V, "Unrealistic optimism and the Health Belief Model", 23(4), pp.367~376 (2000)
  18. Cohen, "Third-person effect and the differential impact in negative political advertising" (1991)
  19. Das, E. H. H. J, "Fear appeals motivate acceptance of action recommendations Evidence for a positive bias in the processing of persuasive messages", 29(5), pp.650~664 (2003)
  20. David, P, "The role of self in third-person effects about body image", 48(4), pp.37~58 (1998)
  21. Davison,W, "The third-person effect in communication", 47, pp.1~15 (1983)
  22. Drake,A, "Lateral asymmetry of personal optimism", 18, pp.497~507 (1984)
  23. Duck, J. M, "Me, us and them: Political identification and the third-person effect in the 1993 Australian federal election", 25, pp.195~215 (1995)
  24. Duck, J, "The perceived impact of the mass media: Reconsidering the third-person effect", 25, pp.77~93 (1995)
  25. Duck, J, "The perceived influence of AIDS advertising: 3rd person effects in the context of positive media content", 17(3), pp.305~325 (1995)
  26. Gold, R, "I'm less at risk than most guys : Gay men's unrealistic optimism about becoming infected with HIV", 14, pp.18~23 (2003)
  27. Gunther, "Cause and consequence in the third person effect" (1991)
  28. Gunther, A, "Public perceptions of television influence and opinions about censorship in Singapore", 8(3), pp.248~265 (1996)
  29. Guthrie, S, "Third-person effects in risk communications:The influence of presentation", 56(11A), pp.4190~ (1995)
  30. Hampson, S, "Lay understanding of synergistic risk: The case of radon and cigarette smoking", 18(3), pp.343~350 (1998)
  31. Harris, "Journal of Health and Social Behavior", pp.17~29 (1979)
  32. "Why it won't happen to me A cross-cultural investigation of social comparison as a cause of optimistic bias" (1994)
  33. the person-positivity bias, "Social comparison of health risks locus of control Journal of Applied Social Psychology", pp.291~302 (1993)
  34. Innes, "The public's view of the impact of the mass media A test of the European Journal of Social Psychology", pp.457~463 (1988)
  35. Irwin, "Stated expectations as functions of probability & desirability of outcomes Journal of Personality", pp.329~335 (1953)
  36. Job, "The effects of age on unrealistic optimism about driving and road safety International Journal of Psychology", pp.627~628 (1992)
  37. Joseph, "Perceived risk of AIDS Assessing the behavioral and psychological consequence in a cohort of gay men Journal of Applied Social Psychology", pp.231~250 (1987)
  38. Kamler, "Optimistic bias in adolescent hemophiliacs Society for Pediatric Research" (1987)
  39. Kirscht, "A national study of health beliefs Journal of Health and Human Behavior", pp.248~254 (1966)
  40. Langer, "The illusion of control as a function of sequence of outcomes in a purely chance task Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.951~955 (1975)
  41. Lund, "The psychology of belief Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology", pp.63~81 (1925)
  42. Marks, "The effect of probability and privilege on the stated expectations of children Journal of Personality", pp.431~465 (1951)
  43. Martin, A, "The process of leaving an abusive relationship: The role of risk assessments and decision-certainty", 15(2), pp.109~122 (2000)
  44. McGregor, "The major determinants of the prediction of social events Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology", pp.179~204 (1938)
  45. McGuire, "A syllogistic analysis of cognitive relationships" (1960), Yale University Press
  46. McLeod, D. M, "Support for censorship of violet and miscgynic rap lyrics: An analysis of the third-person effect", 24, pp.153~174 (1997)
  47. Miller,C, "Risk perception:An investigation of its accuracy and impact", 52(01), pp.523~ (1991)
  48. Peiser, W, "Third-Person Perception of Television-Viewing Behavior by", 50(1), pp.25~45 (2000)
  49. Perloff, "Social comparison and illusion of invulnerability to negative life events Coping with negative life effects", pp.217~242 (1987), In C Plenum Press
  50. Perloff,L.S, "3rd person effect research 1983-1992:A review and synthesis", 5(2), pp.167~184 (1993)
  51. Perloff, "Self-other judgments and perceived vulnerability to victimization Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.502~510 (1986)
  52. Piers, A, "Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale" (1996), Springer-Verlag
  53. Price, V, "Third-person effects of news coverage: Orientations toward media", 74(3), pp.525~540 (1997)
  54. Robertson, "Perceived vulnerability and willingness to pay for crash protection Journal of Contemporary Health", pp.136~141 (1977)
  55. Rojas, H, "For the good of others : Censorship and the third person effect", 8, pp.163~186 (1996)
  56. Rucinski, "The other‘s as the vulnerable voter A study of the third person effect in the 1988 U International Journal of Public Opinion Research" (1990)
  57. Salwen, M. B, "Consequences of third-person perception in support of press restrictions in the O. J. Simpson trial", 47, pp.60~78 (1997)
  58. Sears, "Journal of personality and social psychology", pp.233~250 (1983)
  59. Severin, W, "Communication Theories: Origins, methods, and Uses in the Mass Media" (2001), Longman
  60. Smith, G, "Self-esteem and the relation between risk behavior and perceptions of vulnerability to unplanned pregnancy in college women", 16(2), pp.137~146 (1997)
  61. Taylor, "Separating fact from fiction", pp.21~27 (1994)
  62. Thompson, "Journal of Communication", regulating por(graphy), pp.73~83 (1990)
  63. Vallone, "Biased perceptions and preceptions of media bias in coverage of Beirut massacre Journal of Personal Psychology and Social Psychology", pp.577~588 (1985)
  64. Weinstein, "Coping with environmental hazards Reactions to the threat of crime Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association" (1977)
  65. Weinstein,N, "Unrealistic optimism about future life events", 39, pp.806~820 (1980)
  66. Weinstein,N, "Unrealistic optimism about susceptibility to health problems:Conclusions from a community-wide sample", 10(5), pp.481~500 (1987)
  67. Weinstein, "Perceptions of personal susceptibility to harm Psychological approaches to the primary prevention of acquired immune deficiency syndrome", pp.142~167 (1989)
  68. Wills,T, "Downward comparison principles in social psychology", 90(2), pp.245~271 (1981)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)