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실업률 변동체계의 장기적 안정성 분석

The Long Run Stability in the Domestic Unemployment System

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경제학

초록

우리나라 취업구조의 주요 특징을 보면 산업의 고용창출 능력이 갈수록 저하되어 기업의 외형 확대가 고용의 증가로 연결되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 자본시장 개방 이후 근래의 고용정체형 성장기에 들어서기까지 국내 실업률 변동체계의 동적 연관관계와 변화에 대해 구체적으로 파악해 보았다. 기존의 공적분검정은 장기균형식의 추정에는 효과적이지만 공적분벡터의 유일성과 안정성까지 확인되지는 않는다는 점을 고려하여 FM-OLS로 공적분회귀식을 추정한 후 잔차를 이용한 통계적 검정을 추가로 실시하였다. 실업률 변동체계의 장기적 역학관계는 추정기간 동안 이산형 이동과 임의보행의 시간가변 성향을 보여 기존의 공적분검정 결과와는 일치하지 않는 것으로 판명되었다. 이는 외환위기를 거치며 경제환경이 변화하고 취업유발효과가 낮은 수출이 경제성장을 주도하게 되면서 고용체계에 구조적 변화가 발생했음을 시사하며, 1999년부터 실업률 변동체계가 장기적으로 균형을 이루고 안정성을 유지하게 되는 것으로 검정된다.

Abstract

The distinctive feature of the domestic employment structure is the declining capacity in the industrial job creation. This study explicitly analyzes the short-run and the long-run mechanism in the variations of the domestic unemployment system after the opening of the capital market. Since the conventional cointegration test, which efficiently estimates the cointegrating regression, does not guarantee the stability and the uniqueness of the cointegrating vector, the FM-OLS is utilized for the statistical tests to solve the problem. The outcomes, in contrast to the findings via the conventional approach, indicate the time-varying long-run relationships in the unemployment system, which is characterized by a discrete one-time shift and a gradually evolving random walk process. It suggests the structural break in the unemployment system as the economic circumstance changed during the IMF period and then exports, which have low job generating effect, began to lead the economic growth. The stable long-run equilibrium relationship in the domestic unemployment system is actually found to exist from 1999.

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