제4차 산업혁명관련 혁신유형 및 중요도에 대한 탐색적 연구 - 델파이 조사결과 분석을 중심으로 -
An Exploratory Study of Innovation Types and their Importances under the 4th Industrial Revolution - Focusing on the Analysis of Delphi Results -
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본 연구는 제4차 산업혁명 관련 기술변화에 따른 혁신유형과 중요도에 대한 탐색적 미래예측 연구이다. 본 연구는 30명의 전문가들을 대상으로 3차례에 걸친 델파이 조사를 수행하였고, 델파이 결과를 분석하고 탐색적 논의를 수행하였다. 분석결과 제4차 산업혁명에서 중요도가 높은 7가지 기술들(인공지능기술, 로봇기술, 자율주행 및 이동체기술, 사물인터넷, 기후 및 에너지 기술, 빅데이터기술, 합성생물학)을 선정하였다. 제4차 산업혁명 관련 8가지 혁신유형을 파악하였고, 7가지 기술관련 혁신유형별 중요도를 분석하였다. 가장 중요도가 높은 혁신유형은 비즈니스모델혁신이다. 비기술 혁신분야에서는 마케팅혁신의 중요도가 가장 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 제조업(제품혁신과 공정혁신)과 서비스업(서비스혁신과 서비스프로세스혁신)간에 혁신유형별 중요도에 의미 있는 차이가 나타났다. 이를 통하여 제4차 산업혁명관련 주요기술들이 제조업뿐만 아니라 서비스업의 혁신에서도 차별화된 영향을 줄 것으로 예상된다. 또한 서비스혁신의 중요도가 상대적으로 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구에서 제시된 혁신유형의 틀은 기업들이 제4차 산업혁명관련 혁신을 기획하고 관리하는데 유효한 기준이 될 수 있다.
Abstract
This study is an exploratory foresight study of innovation types and their importances in the relation of technological changes under the 4th industrial revolution. By using the Delphi method, it proceeded the three-time Delphi surveys from 23 out of 30 experts. This study analyzed the technologies, innovations types, and their importances. At first, it identified 8 types of innovation and 7 technologies, which will be relatively important 10 years later in the context of the 4th industrial revolution. 7 technologies in order are artificial intelligence, robot technology, autonomous-driving technology and mobile vehicle technology, internet of things, climate change and energy technology, big data technology, and synthetic biology. In terms of 7 technologies, business model innovation is evaluated as the most important innovation among 8 innovation types, while marketing innovation is at the highest ranked in the area of non-technological innovation. And, it noticed that there would be different impacts of innovation types between manufacturing industries (product and process innovation) and service industries (service and service process innovation) in the 4th industrial revolution. And it captured the relative importance of service innovation between manufacturing and service industry. The framework of 8 innovation types can be an useful and practical tool for firms to plan or manage innovation in the 4th industrial revolution.
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