여말선초(麗末鮮初) 양구지역 백자요지(白磁窯址) 성립에 관한 연구

Abstract

It is not known when porcelains were made in Yanggu exactly, and Yanggu was not a porcelain producing district of Koryo kingdom neither. However in 14th century, the dissolution and dissemination of porcelain producing station make it possible for us to estimate when the district was formed. Since 1350, Because of the invasion of Japanese pirate raiders, the southern coast of Chulla province had been badly damaged. An aftermath of this made craftsman move inside of the Peninsula, producing porcelain of that area. Craftsman from the southern coast might settle down in Yanggu very well, because it had plenty of materials, such as water, wood, and clay. The porcelain production in Yanggu began in this process. I could know not only that the porcelain was made in April, 1391 based on Yi Seong-gye praying package of sarira containers possessed in the National Museum of Korea, but also that prayer, praying purpose, and the producer Simryong, the master craftsman of Bangsanmyun, was existed. The porcelain was common in overglaze, clay, and burning form with those produced in Bangsanmyun, Jangpyungli, Songhyunli, Keumakli around 14th or 15th century. I also could verify that they used rough materials only because they didn``t have enough refining technique and used overglaze plenty of iron fits for Koryo porcelain. I could understand that there lived 50 people of 20 families in Bangsanmyun, 2.5 person per one family. And I estimated that many producing points were existed in Yanggu, 4 points of 50 persons in 20 families, 3 points of 75 persons in 30 families, 2 points of 100 persons in 40 families, based on lost name, standard workforce for porcelain industry, and number of families making porcelain industry. Also, I could find the broken pieces stamped 4 residential names in 3 producing points. I think that the producing area was quickly made and porcelain could be supplied to the Government because craftsman from Kangjin settled down in Yanggu. Although the clay was different, they could supply porcelains to the Government because they already had techniques making celadon porcelains.