A Critique of Peter Enns’s Understanding of the New Testament Use of the Old Testament
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In the fourth chapter of his book, Inspiration and Incarnation (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 1st ed. 2005/ 2nd ed. 2015), Peter Enns argues that NT authors, when quoting the OT, did not strictly adhere to the canons of grammatical-historical exegesis. Rather, as citizens of the Second Temple period, they adopted the hermeneutics of their Jewish contemporaries (e.g., a midrashic or pesher approach) that would quote the OT text without concern for original context/intention and even add or rearrange words to the cited text if it could help them establish their point (i.e., Christotelic reading of the OT). To prove the case, Enns provides five examples of the NT use of the OT that illustrate the NT authors’ adherence to the Jewish hermeneutics of their day. This paper, on the other hand, attempts to disprove Enns’s argument. First, various counter-evidences exist and they show that the hermeneutics of NT writers was in fact quite distinctive from that of Second Temple Jewish writers. Second, contrary to Enns’s examples, numerous quoted OT texts by NT authors demonstrate that NT authors strictly followed the rule of grammatical-historical exegesis. Third, Matthew 2:15 (cites Hos 11:1) and Romans 11:26-27 (cites Isa 59:20-21), two major examples that Enns brings forth to prove the case, can be interpreted otherwise. This paper concludes that the NT writers were not bound by the hermeneutics of Second Temple period, but maintained exegetical principles that respected the context/intent of the OT.
Abstract
In the fourth chapter of his book, Inspiration and Incarnation (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 1st ed. 2005/ 2nd ed. 2015), Peter Enns argues that NT authors, when quoting the OT, did not strictly adhere to the canons of grammatical-historical exegesis. Rather, as citizens of the Second Temple period, they adopted the hermeneutics of their Jewish contemporaries (e.g., a midrashic or pesher approach) that would quote the OT text without concern for original context/intention and even add or rearrange words to the cited text if it could help them establish their point (i.e., Christotelic reading of the OT). To prove the case, Enns provides five examples of the NT use of the OT that illustrate the NT authors’ adherence to the Jewish hermeneutics of their day. This paper, on the other hand, attempts to disprove Enns’s argument. First, various counter-evidences exist and they show that the hermeneutics of NT writers was in fact quite distinctive from that of Second Temple Jewish writers. Second, contrary to Enns’s examples, numerous quoted OT texts by NT authors demonstrate that NT authors strictly followed the rule of grammatical-historical exegesis. Third, Matthew 2:15 (cites Hos 11:1) and Romans 11:26-27 (cites Isa 59:20-21), two major examples that Enns brings forth to prove the case, can be interpreted otherwise. This paper concludes that the NT writers were not bound by the hermeneutics of Second Temple period, but maintained exegetical principles that respected the context/intent of the OT.
참고문헌 (47)
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