A Reformed Response to the Necessity of the Second Reformation by Righteousness: A Reformed Critique of the Concept of Righteousness in Minjung Theology Centering on Romans 9:30-10:13
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Minjung Theology represents a distinctive form of Korean theology, emphasizing the plight of the Minjung, or the common people, who bore the brunt of Korea's division and autocratic rule during the mid-twentieth century. As we transitioned into the 21st century, proponents of this theology have contended that Korean churches, profoundly influenced by the First Reformation's emphasis on "sola fide" or "faith alone" during the sixteenth century, prioritized individual faith, prayer, and grace within personal life contexts. Paradoxically, they seemed to display indifference towards the marginalized Minjung and their lived experiences. This has led to a perceived schism between theology and ethics within these religious institutions. Minjung theologians interprets the Christian concept of “Sin” as the Korean tradition concept of “Han” and suffering of Jesus Christ as suffering on behalf of the oppressed “Minjung.” Minjung theologians assert that to address this discrepancy, there needs to be a second reformation, instigated by a renewed understanding of righteousness or Fide Cum Opera, moving away from the Reformation’s Sola Fide framework. However, it's critical to recognize that the notion of righteousness, as construed by the reformers, was intrinsically linked to faith. The only route to true righteousness was through the justification of faith in Jesus Christ. The teachings of Paul, emphasizing faith, and James, emphasizing conduct, were not in conflict within the purview of the reformers. Instead, these teachings underscored that genuine faith and true righteousness were inseparable. Consequently, the Minjung theologians' proposition for a Second Reformation predicated on righteousness might be interpreted as a misconception of the original reformers' understanding of faith and righteousness within the Reformation tradition.
Abstract
Minjung Theology represents a distinctive form of Korean theology, emphasizing the plight of the Minjung, or the common people, who bore the brunt of Korea's division and autocratic rule during the mid-twentieth century. As we transitioned into the 21st century, proponents of this theology have contended that Korean churches, profoundly influenced by the First Reformation's emphasis on "sola fide" or "faith alone" during the sixteenth century, prioritized individual faith, prayer, and grace within personal life contexts. Paradoxically, they seemed to display indifference towards the marginalized Minjung and their lived experiences. This has led to a perceived schism between theology and ethics within these religious institutions. Minjung theologians interprets the Christian concept of “Sin” as the Korean tradition concept of “Han” and suffering of Jesus Christ as suffering on behalf of the oppressed “Minjung.” Minjung theologians assert that to address this discrepancy, there needs to be a second reformation, instigated by a renewed understanding of righteousness or Fide Cum Opera, moving away from the Reformation’s Sola Fide framework. However, it's critical to recognize that the notion of righteousness, as construed by the reformers, was intrinsically linked to faith. The only route to true righteousness was through the justification of faith in Jesus Christ. The teachings of Paul, emphasizing faith, and James, emphasizing conduct, were not in conflict within the purview of the reformers. Instead, these teachings underscored that genuine faith and true righteousness were inseparable. Consequently, the Minjung theologians' proposition for a Second Reformation predicated on righteousness might be interpreted as a misconception of the original reformers' understanding of faith and righteousness within the Reformation tradition.
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