Expert Perceptual Behavior under the Spatiotemporal Visual Constraints in Table Tennis
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
[OBJECTIVES] The perceptual ability to detect movement is essential for expert table tennis players. A spatiotemporal occlusion paradigm was employed to examine the critical information that facilitates athletes’ perception. [METHODS] Thirty-one expert table tennis players, 29 participants and 2 demonstrators, volunteered to participate in the study. Four types of temporal conditions and five types of spatial occlusions were displayed in experimental videos of two opponents playing a table tennis forehand stroke. Period t1–4 represented the four temporal conditions, with 250, 500, 750, and 1000 ms of action being occluded, respectively. The five types of spatial occlusion involved showing the kinematics of only the ball, paddle, arm, trunk, or head. The participants were instructed to judge the landing direction of the ball on the basis of the information in the footage. [RESULTS] The footage depicted the longest period of play. Furthermore, in separate trials, the spatial information (for the ball, torso, or head) was missing because of occlusion. The absence of such critical spatiotemporal information impaired the ability of players to make an accurate prediction. [CONCLUSION] Players obtained crucial spatiotemporal information if the timeframe of the video was relatively complete and spatial information on the opponent’s torso and head was available. For peak performance, expert table tennis players perceive and detect the optical flow of the ball’s flight and consider invariant information concerning their opponent’s torso and head.
Abstract
[OBJECTIVES] The perceptual ability to detect movement is essential for expert table tennis players. A spatiotemporal occlusion paradigm was employed to examine the critical information that facilitates athletes’ perception. [METHODS] Thirty-one expert table tennis players, 29 participants and 2 demonstrators, volunteered to participate in the study. Four types of temporal conditions and five types of spatial occlusions were displayed in experimental videos of two opponents playing a table tennis forehand stroke. Period t1–4 represented the four temporal conditions, with 250, 500, 750, and 1000 ms of action being occluded, respectively. The five types of spatial occlusion involved showing the kinematics of only the ball, paddle, arm, trunk, or head. The participants were instructed to judge the landing direction of the ball on the basis of the information in the footage. [RESULTS] The footage depicted the longest period of play. Furthermore, in separate trials, the spatial information (for the ball, torso, or head) was missing because of occlusion. The absence of such critical spatiotemporal information impaired the ability of players to make an accurate prediction. [CONCLUSION] Players obtained crucial spatiotemporal information if the timeframe of the video was relatively complete and spatial information on the opponent’s torso and head was available. For peak performance, expert table tennis players perceive and detect the optical flow of the ball’s flight and consider invariant information concerning their opponent’s torso and head.
참고문헌 (19)
- Farrow D, "Do expertise and the degree of perception—action coupling affect natural anticipatory performance?", Perception, 32(9), pp.1127~1139 (2003)
- Abernethy B, "Expertise and attunement to kinematic constraints", Perception, 37(6), pp.931~948 (2008)
- Williams AM, "Visual perception and action in sport" (1999), Taylor & Francis
- Jackson RC, "Advance visual information, awareness, and anticipation skill", J Mot Behav, 39(5), pp.341~351 (2007)
- Williams AM, "The dynamical information underpinning anticipation skill", Hum Mov Sci, 28(3), pp.362~370 (2009)
- Mann DL, "Action specificity increases anticipatory performance and the expert advantage in natural interceptive tasks", Acta Psychol, 135(1), pp.17~23 (2010)
- Abernethy B, "Pickup of essential kinematics underpins expert perception of movement patterns", J Mot Behav, 39(5), pp.353~367 (2007)
- Hagemann N, "Training perceptual skill by orienting visual attention", J Sport Exerc Psychol, 28(2), pp.143~158 (2006)
- Michaels CF, "Direct perception", Citeseer, ~ (1981)
- Abernethy B, "Expert-novice differences in an applied selective attention task", J Sport Exerc Psychol, 9(4), pp.326~345 (1987)
- Abernethy B, "The relationship between expertise and visual search strategy in a racquet sport", Hum Mov Sci, 6(4), pp.283~319 (1987)
- Piras A, "The within-task criterion to determine successful and unsuccessful table tennis players", Int J Sports Sci Coach, 11(4), pp.523~531 (2016)
- Piras A, "Microsaccades and prediction of a motor act outcome in a dynamic sport situation", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 56(8), pp.4520~4530 (2015)
- Piras A, "Microsaccades and interest areas during free-viewing sport task", J Sports Sci, 37(9), pp.980~987 (2019)
- Müller S, "Expertise and the spatio-temporal characteristics of anticipatory information pick-up from complex movement patterns", Perception, 39(6), pp.745~760 (2010)
- Williams AM, "Anticipation in sport: Fifty years on, what have we learned and what research still needs to be undertaken?", Psychol Sport Exerc, 42, pp.16~24 (2019)
- Swann C, "Defining elite athletes : Issues in the study of expert performance in sport psychology", Psychol Sport Exerc, 16, pp.3~14 (2015)
- Travassos B, "Informational constraints shape emergent functional behaviours during performance of interceptive actions in team sports", Psychol Sport Exerc, 13(2), pp.216~223 (2012)
- Ward P, "Visual search and biological motion perception in tennis", Res Q Exerc Sport, 73(1), pp.107~112 (2002)