운동 방정식을 활용한전향력 회전 원판 실험에 대한 정량적 분석

Abstract

The Coriolis force is a fundamental concept for understanding natural phenomena in the atmosphere and ocean. Therefore, it is introduced as a key element in the high school science education curriculum and considered a prerequisite concept for understanding atmospheric and oceanic circulation. However, many students encounter difficulty in grasping this concept due to the relatively small magnitude of the Coriolis force in common experiences. To address these difficulties, various practical methods for perceiving the effects of the Coriolis force have been developed and implemented in classrooms and educational settings. These activities mainly involve observing the motion of objects on a rotating disc, but limitations inherent in experimental apparatus and instructional techniques may hinder students' proper conceptual understanding. These limitations primarily arise when the trajectories of objects are interpreted as being solely influenced by the Coriolis force. In this study, the positions of a moving bead on a rotating disc are recorded using an automated object tracking algorithm. We then used an analytical solution, derived from the equations of motion, to separately assess the effects of the Coriolis and centrifugal forces on the bead. Our finding confirm that by utilizing the recorded positions and estimated velocities from the algorithm, we can successfully identify the two forces acting on the bead. Furthermore, the study presents a detailed derivation process of for the analytical solution and explores the underlying factors contributing to experimental errors. These insights can be applied to various initial positions and velocities of the beads on the disc which are arbitrarily determined on actual classroom and educational settings. The use of this method is expected to significantly expand the scope of quantitative analysis of experimental results.