르네 지라르의 기독교 변증에 대한 개혁주의생명신학의 평가

Abstract

Girard was not originally a Christian, but through his long anthropological studies he became a Christian. He only clung to the theme of "origin of human culture." In the process, he found revelations in the Gospels through comparative studies of mythological and Jewish-Christian Bibles. Girard says that human desires are not autonomous but mimetic. This is in line with the ideas of postmodernism that negate the autonomy of the subject. Nevertheless, he comes to a completely different conclusion from postmodern relativism. According to Girard, we humans are inevitably out of the eternal bonds of violence because of conflict through mimetic rivalry. In a crisis of community violence through mimetic rivalry, humanity overcomes the crisis through violence against innocent victims. This is called the victimage mechanism. Violence, a cause of community crisis and a means of commun-ity reconciliation, has concealed itself and shaped human culture and history. But at some point in human history, there was a crucial break in the chain of violence. This break is based, among other things, on the hidden revelation of truth, which Girard finds in the Jewish-Christian Bible. According to Girard, the concealment of violence is manifested above all in mythology. Many modern scholars claim similarities between the Bible and mythology, but they do not see their crucial differences. Although the Bible and mythology are much alike, the interpretation of violence is the opposite. Mythology defends the position of those who blame the scapegoat and violent. The Bible, on the contrary, is on the side of an innocent victim. Unlike mythology, the Bible does not fall into the mechanism of violence, but rather exposes its identity on the cross. Thus, according to Girard, the cross that dismantles and exposes the victimage mechanism is a victory over the victimage mechanism and a victory over Satan. The cross is also a victory over the myth that is obsessed with victimage mechanism and conceals the persecution's violence. Girard's theory is based on his anthropological research. Thus, as he argues, it is also an intellectual means to counter the relativism of modern postmodernism. However, his study does not presuppose that the Bible is the word of God, so it is bound to have limitations. His interpretation of the Bible and understanding of the cross are wrong from the start. Since the subject of true theology is God, not humans, theology should be what God says, not what humans say about God.