본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

하이테크산업에서 선두이점의 원천에 관한 연구: 지식경영역량의 매개효과를 중심으로

Sources of Pioneering Advantage in High-tech Industries: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Management Competence

1

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구는 지식경영역량의 신제품 개발 과정에서의 역할을 설명하고, 지식습득역량에서 지식적용역량으로 연결되는 과정을 통해 선두이점과 신제품품질의 우월성, 그리고 신제품 성과 간에 관계를 규명하기 위한 연구이다. 지금까지 지식기반 연구는 지식의 정의, 지식의 유형 구분, 지식과 정보 간의 차이 등에 대한 연구로 국한되어왔다. 본 연구는 기업의 신제품 지식경영활동 중 발생하는 지식습득과 지식적용역량을 전략적 변수로서 간주하여, 지식경영역량의 선행변수와 결과변수를 조사하였다. 지식기반이론과 source-position-performance(SPP)구조를 바탕으로, 가치창출에 원천으로서 지식의 유형은 지식경영역량의 개발에 중요한 역할을 하며, 이러한 지식경영역량은 포지션상의 우위를 가져와 신제품 성과에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 제시하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 국내 하이테크 산업에 속하는 기업들 중 신제품 프로젝트에 참여한 제품 개발팀의 과장급 이상 종사원을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 구조방정식모형을 사용하여 가설을 검증한 결과 7개의 가설 중 신제품 지식의 복잡성과 지식적용역량의 관계(H1b)를 제외한 모든 가설이 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 보였다. 본 연구의 공헌은 SPP 구조를 기반으로 하여 지식의 유형과 포지션상 우위를 연결하는 매개변수로서 지식경영역량을 소개하였고, 실증 분석을 통해 신제품 혁신 이론에 지식경영역량이 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 보였다는 것이다. 또한 신제품 개발 성과를 향상하기 위해서는 신제품 개발 팀장들의 역할 즉, 팀 구성원들의 개별 지식 접근능력을 기르고, 그것을 적용하기 위한 능력을 개발하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 제시하였다는 점은 실무적으로 의의가 있다.

Abstract

Decision effectiveness depends on type of knowledge within team members generated by decision making process. Thus, organization in accordance with teams’ experience and capability ultimately achieve their desired outcome. However, previous research has not addressed a mediating role between different knowledge type in decision making and product competitive advantages(pioneering advantage and product quality superiority). Based on the knowledge-based view, we model how different knowledge characteristics in decision making affect to acquire each of knowledge in decision making effectively and then to apply acquired knowledge in decision making. Anchored in a source-position-performance (SPP) framework (Day and Wensley’s, 1988), we shed light on the effects of three knowledge characteristics dimensions in decision making process on knowledge management competences in decision making for a new product project. We also examine the relationship between two dimensions of NPD knowledge management competences, and product competitive advantages which consist of market pioneering advantage and product quality superiority. To test the relationships, the empirical analyses are conducted using a sample of team managers who participated in NPD projects. This study suggest that managers should increase their acquirability and applicability of knowledge by integrating complexity of diverse and new knowledge, developing codifiability of well-documented knowledge, and creating the sharing common knowledge among NPD team members. Thus, they are able to outrun major competitors in terms of pioneering advantage and product quality superiority perspective.

참고문헌 (145)

  1. 안관영, "중소기업의 지식경영 관리시스템 활용 방안에 관한 연구", 벤처창업연구, 8(4), pp.111~118 (2013), 한국벤처창업학회
  2. Alavi, M., "Knowledge management and knowledge management systems : Conceptual foundations and research issues", MIS Quarterly, 25(1), pp.107~136 (2001)
  3. Alavi, M., "Knowledge integration in virtual teams : The potential role of KMS", Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 53(12), pp.1029~1037 (2002)
  4. Atuahene-Gima, K., "The vital role of problem-solving competence in new product success", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(1), pp.81~98 (2011)
  5. Attewell, P., "Technology diffusion and organizational learning : The case of business computing", Organization Science, 3(1), pp.1~19 (1992)
  6. Badaracco, J., "The knowledge link : How firms compete through strategic alliances" (1991), Harvard Business School Press
  7. Bagozzi, R. P., "Representing and testing organizational theories : A holistic construal", Administrative Science Quarterly, 2(7), pp.459~489 (1982)
  8. Bain, J. S., "Barriers to new competition" (1956), Harvard University Press
  9. Balachandra, R., "Factors for success in R&D projects and new product introduction : A contextual framework", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 44(3), pp.276~287 (1997)
  10. Barney, J. B., "Strategic factor markets : Expectations, luck, and business strategy", Management Science, 32, pp.1231~1241 (1986)
  11. Barney, J. B., "Returns to bidding firms in mergers and acquisitions : Reconsidering the relatedness hypothesis", Strategic Management Journal, 9, pp.71~78 (1988)
  12. Barney, J. B., "Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage", Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99~120 (1991)
  13. Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, pp.1173~1182 (1986)
  14. Bartlett, C. A., "Managing across borders the transnational solution" (1998), Random House
  15. Becker, G. S., "Human capital" (1964), National Bureau of Economic Research
  16. Bentler, P., "Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures", Psychological Bulletin, 88, pp.588~606 (1980)
  17. Bentler, P. M., "Practical Issues in Structural Modeling", Sociological Methods and Research, 16, pp.78~117 (1987)
  18. Bereiter, C., "Surpassing ourselves : An inquiry into the nature and implications of expertise" (1993), Open Court
  19. Bhatt, G. D., "Knowledge management in organisations : examining the interaction between technologies, techniques, and people", Journal of Knowledge Management, 5(1), pp.68~75 (2001)
  20. Bij, H., "An empirical investigation into the antecedents of knowledge dissemination at the strategic business unit level", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 20(2), pp.163~179 (2003)
  21. Bond, R. S., "Sales, promotion and product differentiation in two prescriptive drug markets" (1977), U. S. Federal Trade Commission
  22. Brown, C. L., "Investigating the relationship between time-in-market and pioneering advantage", "Management Science, 40(10), pp.1361~1369 (1994)
  23. Brown, S. L., "Competing on the edge : Strategy as structured chaos" (1998), Harvard Business School Press
  24. Browne, M. W., "Alternative ways of assessing model fit", Sociological Methods and Research, 16, pp.64~73 (1992)
  25. Calantone, R. J., "New product scenarios : Prospects for success", Journal of Marketing, 45(4), pp.8~60 (1981)
  26. Dominic Heesang Chai, "벤처기업의 오픈이노베이션 : 외부 지식 탐색 전략과 한국 제조업의 혁신성과", 벤처창업연구, 9(1), pp.1~13 (2014), 한국벤처창업학회
  27. 조연진, "신제품 지식의 유형이 제품 품질의 성과에 미치는 영향: 하이테크 산업 (high-tech firms) 중심으로", 마케팅연구, 27(4), pp.123~144 (2012), 한국마케팅학회
  28. Churchill, G. A., "A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs", Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), pp.64~73 (1979)
  29. Clark, H. H., "Elements of discourse understanding", pp.10~63 (1981), Cambridge University Press
  30. Cohen, W. M., "Absorptive capacity : A new perspective on learning and innovation", Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), pp.128~152 (1990)
  31. Coombs, Rod, "Knowledge management practices and path dependency in innovation", Research Policy, 27(3), pp.237~253 (1998)
  32. Cooper, R. G., "The dimensions of industrial new product success and failure", Journal of Marketing, 43, pp.93~103 (1979)
  33. Cooper, R. G., "New product performance and product innovation strategies", Research Management, 29, pp.17~25 (1985)
  34. Cooper, R. G., "Determinants of timeliness in product development", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, pp.381~396 (1994)
  35. Crawford, C. M., "New Products Management" (1987), Richard D. Irwin
  36. Danneels, E., "Product innovativeness from the firm's perspective : Its dimensions and their relation with project selection and performance", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18(6), pp.357~373 (2001)
  37. Davenport, T., "Managing customer support knowledge", California Management Review, 40(3), pp.195~208 (1998)
  38. Davenport, T. H., "Working knowledge : How organizations manage what they know" (1998), Harvard Business School Press
  39. Day, G. S., "The capabilities of market-driven organizations", Journal of Marketing, 58, pp.37~52 (1994)
  40. Day, G. S., "Assessing advantage : A framework for diagnosing competitive superiority", Journal of Marketing, 52(2), pp.1~20 (1988)
  41. De Luca, L. M., "Market knowledge dimensions and cross-functional collaboration : Examining the different routes to product innovation performance", Journal of Marketing, 71, pp.95~112 (2007)
  42. Decarolis, D. M., "The impact of stocks and flows of organizational knowledge on firm performance : An empirical investigation of the biotechnology industry", Strategic Management Journal, 20, pp.953~968 (1999)
  43. Demsetz, H., "The theory of the firm revisited" (1991), Oxford University Press
  44. Drucker, P. F., "The discipline of innovation", Harvard Business Review, pp.67~72 (1985)
  45. Drucker, P. F., "The coming of the new organization", Harvard Business Review, pp.45~53 (1988)
  46. Eisenhardt, K. M., "Making fast strategic decisions in high velocity environments", Academy of Management Journal, 32, pp.543~576 (1989)
  47. Fahey, L., "Macroenvironmental analysis for strategic management" (1986), West Publishing Company
  48. Frederick, S., "Cognitive reflection and decision making", Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), pp.25~42 (2005)
  49. Fornell, C., "Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error", Journal of Marketing Research, 19, pp.39~50 (1981)
  50. Fornell, C., "Consumption experience and sales promotion expenditure", Management Science, 31, pp.1084~1105 (1985)
  51. Galbraith, J. R., "Designing complex organizations" (1973), Addison-Wesley
  52. Galunic, D. C., "Resource recombinations in the firm : Knowledge structures and the potential for schumpeterian innovation", Strategic Management Journal, 19, pp.1193~1201 (1998)
  53. Garvin, D. A., "Competing on the eight dimensions of quality", Harvard Business Review, 65, pp.101~109 (1987)
  54. Gerbing, D. W., "An updated paradigm for scale development incorporating unidimensionality and its assessment", Journal of Marketing Research, 25(2), pp.186~192 (1988)
  55. Glynn, M. A., "Innovative genius : A framework for relating individual and organizational intelligences to innovation", Academy of Management Review, 21(4), pp.1081~1111 (1996)
  56. Goh, S. C., "Managing effective knowledge transfer: An integrative framework and some practice implications", Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(1), pp.23~30 (2002)
  57. Golder, P. N., "Pioneer advantage : Marketing logic or marketing legend?", Journal of Marketing Research, 30(2), pp.158~170 (1993)
  58. Gorecki, P. K, "The importance of being first", International Journal of Industrial Organisation, 4, pp.371~393 (1986)
  59. Grant, R. M., "Prospering in dynamically-competitive environments : Organizational capability as knowledge integration", Organization Science, 7(4), pp.375~387 (1996)
  60. Grant, R. M., "Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm", Strategic Management Journal, 17, pp.109~122 (1996)
  61. Griffin, A., "Patterns of communication among marketing, engineering, and manufacturing – a comparison between two new product teams", Management Science, 38(3), pp.360~373 (1992)
  62. Griffin, A., "Integrating R&D and marketing : A review and analysis of the literature", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 13, pp.191~215 (1996)
  63. Gupta, A. K., "Knowledge flows within the multinational corporation", Strategic Management Journal, 21, pp.473~496 (2000)
  64. Earley, P. C., "Goals, strategy development and task performance : Some limits on the efficacy of goal setting", Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(1), pp.24~33 (1989)
  65. Hansen, M. T., "The search-transfer problem : The role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization subunits", Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, pp.82~111 (1999)
  66. Hatch, N. W., "Human capital and learning as a source of sustainable competitive advantage", Strategic Management Journal, 25(12), pp.1155~1178 (2004)
  67. Henard, D. H., "Why some new products are more successful than others", Journal of Marketing Research, 38, pp.362~375 (2001)
  68. Henderson, R., "Architectural innovation : The reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms", Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, pp.9~31 (1990)
  69. Huber, G. P., "Organizational learning : The contributing processes and the literatures", Organization Science, 2, pp.88~115 (1991)
  70. Imai, K., "Managing the new production development" (1985), HBS Press
  71. Jantunen, A., "Knowledge-processing capabilities and innovative performance : An empirical study", European Journal of Innovation Management, 8(3), pp.336~349 (2005)
  72. Johnson, H. A., "The impacts of time performance and market knowledge competence on new product success; An international study", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 56, pp.219~228 (2009)
  73. Kerin, R. A., "First-mover advantage: A synthesis, conceptual framework, and research propositions", Journal of Marketing, 56, pp.33~52 (1992)
  74. Kessler, E. H., "Innovation speed : A conceptual model of context, antecedents, and outcomes", The Academy of Management Review, 21(4), pp.1143~1191 (1996)
  75. Kim, N., "Impact knowledge type and strategic orientation on new product creativity and advantage in high-tech firms", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15, pp.237~254 (2013)
  76. Kleinschmidt, E. J., "The impact of product innovativeness on performance", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 8, pp.240~251 (1991)
  77. Kogut, B., "Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology", Organization Science, 3, pp.383~398 (1992)
  78. Krackhardt, D., "Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action", pp.216~239 (1992), Harvard Business School Press
  79. Lam, A., "Tacit knowledge, organizational learning and societal institutions : An integrated framework", Organization Studies, 21(3), pp.487~513 (2000)
  80. Lambkin, M., "Order of entry and performance in new markets", Strategic Management Journal, 9, pp.127~140 (1988)
  81. Lambkin, M., "Pioneering new markets : A comparison of market share winners and losers", International Journal of Research in Marketing, 9, pp.5~22 (1992)
  82. Lane, W. J., "Product differentiation in a market with endogenous sequential entry", Bell Journal of Economics, 11, pp.237~260 (1980)
  83. Li, T., "The impact of market knowledge competence on new product advantage : Conceptualization and empirical examination", Journal of Marketing, 62(4), pp.13~29 (1998)
  84. Lieberman, M. B., "First-mover advantages", Strategic Management Journal, 9, pp.41~58 (1988)
  85. Lieberman, M. B., "Handbook of Business Strategy", pp.1~29 (1990), Warren, Gorham and Lamont
  86. Lindell, M. K., "Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs", Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), pp.114~121 (2001)
  87. Building the knowledge-based organization: How culture drives knowledge behaviors, "De Long, D.", Ernst & Young’s Center for Business Innovation, ~ (1997)
  88. Lord, M. D., "Transfer and sharing of local knowledge within the firm and entry into new international markets", Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings 98 (1998)
  89. Madhavan, R., "From embedded knowledge to embodied knowledge : New product development as knowledge management", Journal of Marketing, 62, pp.1~12 (1998)
  90. Marakas, G. M., "Decision support systems in the twenty-first century" (1999), Prentice Hall
  91. Massey, A. P., "Knowledge management in pursuit of performance insights from nortel networks", MIS Quarterly, 26, pp.269~290 (2002)
  92. McElivy, S. K., "The persistence of knowledge-based advantage : An empirical test for product performance and technological knowledge", Strategic Management Journal, 23, pp.285~305 (2002)
  93. McElroy, M. W., "The new knowledge management : Complexity, learning, and sustainable innovation", pp.2003, KMCI Press
  94. Menon, A., "Product quality: Impact of interdepartmental interactions", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(2), pp.187~200 (1997)
  95. Menon, Anil, "A model of marketing knowledge use within firms", Journal of Marketing, 56, pp.53~71 (1992)
  96. Mittal, S., "Pioneering advantage : Conceptualization, proposition, and analysis in indian context", The Journal of Decision Makers, 29(3), pp.15~33 (2004)
  97. Montoya-Weiss, M. M., "Determinants of new product performance : A review and meta-analysis", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11(5), pp.397~417 (1994)
  98. Moorman, C., "Organizational market information processes : Cultural antecedents and new product outcomes", Journal of Marketing Research, 32(3), pp.318~335 (1995)
  99. Moorman, C., "Factors affecting trust in market research relationships", Journal of Marketing, 57(1), pp.81~101 (1993)
  100. Moorman, C., "The impact of organizational memory on new product performance and creativity", Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), pp.91~106 (1997)
  101. Nelson, R., "An evolutionary theory of economic change" (1982), Belknap Press
  102. Nevis, E. C., "Understanding organizations as learning systems", Sloan Management Review, 23(2), pp.73~85 (1995)
  103. Nonaka, I., "The knowledge-creating company", Harvard Business Review, 69(6), pp.96~104 (1991)
  104. Nonaka, I., "A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation", Organization Science, 5, pp.14~37 (1994)
  105. Nonaka, I., "The knowledge creating company" (1995), Oxford University Press
  106. Nunnally, J, "Psychometric theory, New" (1978), McGraw-Hill
  107. Ottum, B. D., "The role of market information in new product success", failure, 1997, pp.14(4), 258~273
  108. Pfeffer J., "The knowledge-doing gap : How smart companies turn knowledge into action" (2000), Harvard Business School Press
  109. Podsakoff, P. M., "Common method biases in behavioral research : A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), pp.879~903 (2003)
  110. Podsakoff, P. M., "Self-reports in organizational research : Problems and prospects", Journal of Management, 12(4), pp.531~544 (1986)
  111. Polanyi, M., "Personal Knowledge" (1962), The University of Chicago Press
  112. Polanyi, M., "The tacit dimension" (1967), Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd
  113. Porter, M. E., "Competitive advantage" (1985), Free Press
  114. Pfeffer, J., "The knowing-doing gap : How smart companies turn knowledge into action" (2000), Harvard Business School Press
  115. Ram, S., "Successful innovation using strategies to reduce consumer resistance : An empirical test", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 6(1), pp.20~34 (1989)
  116. Rich, R. F., "The knowledge cycle" (1981), Sage
  117. Rijsdijk, S. A., "Understanding a two-sided coin : antecedents and consequences of a decomposed product advantage", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(1), pp.33~47 (2011)
  118. Rindfleisch, A., "The acquisition and utilization of information in new product alliances : A strength-of-ties perspective", Journal of Marketing, 65, pp.1~18 (2001)
  119. Robinson, W. T., "Sources of market pioneer advantages: The case of industrial goods industries", Journal of Marketing Research, 25, pp.87~94 (1988)
  120. Robinson, W., "The sources of market pioneer advantages in consumer goods industries", Journal of Marketing Research, 22, pp.297~304 (1985)
  121. Rosenberg, N., "Exploring the black box" (1994), Cambridge University Press
  122. Ruggles, R., "The state of the notion : Knowledge management in practice", California Management Review, 40, pp.80~89 (1998)
  123. Schmalensee, R., "Product differentiation advantages of pioneering brands", American Economic Review, 72(6), pp.349~365 (1982)
  124. Sherman, D., "New product development performance and the integration of cross-functional integration and knowledge management", The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(5), pp.399~411 (2005)
  125. Simonin, B. L., "Transfer of marketing know-how in international strategic alliances : An empirical investigation of the role and antecedents of knowledge ambiguity", Journal of International Business Studies, 30(3), pp.463~490 (1999)
  126. Song, X. M., "Pioneering advantages in manufacturing and service industries: Empirical evidence from nine countries", Strategic Management Journal, 20, pp.811~836 (1999)
  127. Song, X. M., "The dimensions of industrial new product success and failure in state enterprises in the people's republic of China", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11(2), pp.105~118 (1994)
  128. Song, X. M., "A cross-national comparative study of new product development processes : Japan and the United States", Journal of Marketing, 61(2), pp.1~18 (1997)
  129. Song, X. M., "Challenges of managing the development of breakthrough products in Japan", Journal of Operations Management, 17(6), pp.665~688 (1999)
  130. Spender, J. C., "Limits to learning from the West : How Western management advice may prove limited in Eastern Europe", The International Executive, 34, pp.389~410 (1992)
  131. Spender, J. C., "Making knowledge the basis of a dynamic theory of the firm", Strategic Management Journal, 17, pp.45~62 (1996)
  132. Sternberg, R. J., "Successful intelligence" (1997), Plume
  133. Swan, J., "Knowledge management and innovation : networks and networking", Journal of Knowledge Management, 3, pp.262~275 (1999)
  134. Szymanski, D. M., "Innovativeness and new product success : Insights from the cumulative evidence", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35(1), pp.35~52 (2007)
  135. Takeuchi, H., "The new product development game", Harvard Business Review, 64, pp.137~146 (1986)
  136. Teece, D., "Capturing value from knowledge assets : The new economy, markets for knowhow and intangible assets", California Management Review, 40(3), pp.55~79 (1998)
  137. Teece, D. J., "The dynamic capabilities of firms : An introduction", Industrial and Corporate Change, 3(3), pp.537~556 (1994)
  138. Tomer, J. F., "Organizational capital : The path to higher productivity and well-being" (1987), Praeger
  139. Turnbull, D., "The ad hoc collective work of building gothic cathedrals with templates, string and geometry, Science", Technology and Human Values, 18(3), pp.315~340 (1993)
  140. Valle, S., "Cross-functionality and leadership of the new product development teams", European Journal of Innovation Management, 6(1), pp.32~48 (2003)
  141. Veldhuizen, E., "Modeling market information processing in new product development : An empirical analysis", Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 23(4), pp.353~373 (2006)
  142. Yang, J., "Enhancing the firm's innovation capability through knowledge management : A study of high technology firms in China", International Journal of Technology Management, 36(4), pp.305~317 (2006)
  143. Yli-Renko, H., "Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms", Strategic Management Journal, 22, pp.587~613 (2001)
  144. Zahra, S. A., "International expansion by new venture firms : International diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning and performance", Academy of Management Journal, 43, pp.925~950 (2000)
  145. Zander, U., "Knowledge and the speed of the transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities : An empirical test", Organization Science, 6(1), pp.76~92 (1995)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (14건)