대학생에게 적용한 피트니스 운동이 신체조성, 체력, 신체적 자기효능감 및 스트레스에 미치는 효과
The Effects of Fitness Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Physical Self-Efficacy, and Stress in University Students
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[Purpose] University students experience high levels of stress from academic and career pressures, which can negatively affect both physical and mental health. While fitness exercise is known to improve health and reduce stress, few studies focus on university students. This study aims to examine the effects of fitness exercise on body composition, physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress in university students. [Methods] A single-group pre- and post-test design was used. Seventy-one students participated in a 12-week fitness exercise program from March to May 2024, exercising once a week for 120 minutes, combining strength and aerobic training. Body composition (height, weight, body fat percentage), physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress were measured before and after the fitness exercise program. Data from 54 students were analyzed using paired t-tests by SPSS program. [Results] The program resulted in significant improvements in body composition and physical fitness. Body weight (t=-2.36, p=.022) and body fat percentage (t=-6.61, p=<.001) decreased, while muscular endurance (t=3.17, p=.003), flexibility (t=5.03, p=<.001), agility (t=-2.53, p=.014), and power (t=12.83, p=<.001) increased. Physical self-efficacy (t=2.33, p=.024) improved, and stress levels (t=-2.61, p=.012) decreased significantly. Notably, female students showed significantly greater improvements compared to male students in right-hand grip strength (t=3.81, p=.001), muscular endurance (t=2.53, p=.020), and stress reduction (t=-2.25, p=.036). [Conclusion] Fitness exercise program positively affects body composition, physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress reduction in university students. These findings support the need for fitness exercise programs to promote students' overall health and reduce stress.
Abstract
[Purpose] University students experience high levels of stress from academic and career pressures, which can negatively affect both physical and mental health. While fitness exercise is known to improve health and reduce stress, few studies focus on university students. This study aims to examine the effects of fitness exercise on body composition, physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress in university students. [Methods] A single-group pre- and post-test design was used. Seventy-one students participated in a 12-week fitness exercise program from March to May 2024, exercising once a week for 120 minutes, combining strength and aerobic training. Body composition (height, weight, body fat percentage), physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress were measured before and after the fitness exercise program. Data from 54 students were analyzed using paired t-tests by SPSS program. [Results] The program resulted in significant improvements in body composition and physical fitness. Body weight (t=-2.36, p=.022) and body fat percentage (t=-6.61, p=<.001) decreased, while muscular endurance (t=3.17, p=.003), flexibility (t=5.03, p=<.001), agility (t=-2.53, p=.014), and power (t=12.83, p=<.001) increased. Physical self-efficacy (t=2.33, p=.024) improved, and stress levels (t=-2.61, p=.012) decreased significantly. Notably, female students showed significantly greater improvements compared to male students in right-hand grip strength (t=3.81, p=.001), muscular endurance (t=2.53, p=.020), and stress reduction (t=-2.25, p=.036). [Conclusion] Fitness exercise program positively affects body composition, physical fitness, physical self-efficacy, and stress reduction in university students. These findings support the need for fitness exercise programs to promote students' overall health and reduce stress.
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