바이러스가 된 아시아 여성: 코로나19 시대 아시아계/미국인 여성이 경험하는 혐오 폭력에 관한 연구
Asian Women as the Virus: A Study of Anti-Asian Hate Violence Experienced by Asian/American Women in the COVID-19 Era
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이 논문은 코로나19 시대 아시아계/미국인 여성이 경험하고 있는 아시아인 혐오 폭력의 양상을 에코페미니즘 이론을 적용하여 분석하고자 한다. 미국 내 코로나19 관련 혐오 폭력은 중국인에 국한되지 않고 모든 아시아계/미국인을 대상으로 자행되고 있으며, 그 피해자 중 3분의 2가 여성이다. 이는 시각적으로 중국인으로 규정되는 아시아계/미국인을 목표물로 삼는 인종차별주의, 아시아계 남성보다 여성을 전염병의 매개체로낙인찍는 여성혐오주의, 그리고 이들을 혐오해도 되는 인간 이하의 존재, 즉 감염병 바이러스로 치환하는 종차별주의가 중첩되어 나타나면서 일종의 혐오의 교차성을 보인다. 따라서 이 논문은 인종, 성별, 섹슈얼리티, 국적, 장애 여부 등과 더불어 생물종에 따른 종차별주의에 대한 비판적 분석까지 포함하는 에코페미니즘 이론을 적용하여 코로나19 시대에 등장한 아시아계 여성 혐오 폭력의 양상을 분석할 것이다. 이를 통해, 팬데믹 시대의 아시아계/미국인 여성에 대한 혐오가 근대의 인간중심주의적인 존재론이 반영된 현상이라는 점을 밝히고자 한다.
Abstract
This article employs ecofeminist theory to examine anti-Asian hate violence experienced by Asian American women in the U.S. since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The hate violence, tied to the "otherness of infectious diseases," targets all Asians and Asian-Americans with two-thirds of the victims being women. In times of This article explores how, in the era of national crisis, Asian Americans, previously perceived as either model minorities or misfit refugees, are homogenized into a singular, gendered racial category associated with infectious viruses. COVID-19-related hate crimes reflect the “Yellow Peril“ trope, which dehumanized Asian migrants as disease-bearing threats. This violence operates at the intersection of racism, sexism, and speciesism, stigmatizing Asian and Asian American women as gendered carriers of the infectious disease who are constructed as deserving of punishment, with such violence justified in dominant narratives as necessary for protecting national security. Grounded in ecofeminism, which expands feminist and postcolonialist frameworks to incorporate a critical analysis of speciesism, this article argues that I argue that the hate violence against Asian American women is a reflection of reveals the ontological hierarchies inherent in modern anthropocentric ontologies.
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